Background: In the Law on registration of deeds and real estate, the definition of official document and the scope of inclusion of official documents are different from civil law, and these definitions create different interpretations and effects in society and how to deal with legal issues and problems. Resolving legal deficiencies in answering accidental questions that occur in the community,...

357 Abstract – We present an ontological approach to the legal literature for translating sources of law into information accessible to people both with and without a legal education. To improve the quality of the legislative language and to facilitate legal experts and citizens in accessing the legislation we propose to use legal ontologies. In this sense we show the roles of two legal ontolog...

Producers of legal software most frequently offer legal texts explorers with no possibilities of interpreting legal acts. Therefore, one of the aims of this work is to create and research a tool which could help actively to avoid the user’s necessity to interpret the legal text. Another aim of the work is selection of a suitable legal base, and analysis of possibilities of realization of expert...

The research objective of the project and article “The Linguistic and Legal Term "Real Estate" in the Polish Law and Literature” is characteristic of legal regulations in contemporary countries is the abundance of legal definitions, which are, in fact, formulated separately for the needs of each legal act. This situation does not create favourable conditions for comprehensibility and effectiven...

The two different categories of legal AI system are described, and legal analysis systems are chosen as objects of study. So-called judgment machines are discussed, but it is decided that research in legal AI systems would be best carried-out in the area of legal expert systems. The process of legal reasoning is briefly examined, and two different methods of legal knowledge representation are d...

Despite growing needs of the legal artificial intelligence (AI), its development is slower than other AI domains because legal expertise is essentially required to develop legal AI systems. Legal knowledge representation on legal expertise needs to be considered to implement legal reasoning AI systems. In this paper, we present a legal reasoning methodology, which utilizes multiple expert knowl...

This paper describes the philosophy behind our tool called “Legal Taxonomy Syllabus”, the analytical instruments it provides and some case studies. The Legal Taxonomy Syllabus is an ontology based tool designed to annotate and recover multi-lingua legal information and build conceptual dictionaries. The Legal Taxonomy Syllabus allows to build legal dictionaries in a bottom up fashion starting f...

The increasing development of legal ontologies seems to offer satisfactory solutions to legal knowledge formalization, which in past experiences lead to a limited exploitation of legal expert systems for practical and commercial use. The paper describes some ontology-based tools that enable legal knowledge formalization. Jurwordnet is an extension to the legal domain of the Italian version of E...

The two different categories of legal Al system are described, and legal analysis systems are chosen as objects of study. So-called judgment machines are discussed, but it is decided that research in legal Al systems would be. best carried-out in the area of legal expert systems. The process of legal reasoning is briefly examined, and two difforent methods of legal knowledge representation are ...