BACKGROUND Rifampin (RIF) upregulates CYP 450 isoenzymes, potentially lowering efavirenz (EFV) exposure. The US EFV package insert recommends an EFV dose increase for patients on RIF weighing ≥50 kg. We conducted a pharmacokinetic study to evaluate EFV trough concentrations (Cmin) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virologic suppression in patients on EFV (600 mg) and RIF-based tuberculosis...

Glucan particles (GPs) are 2–4 m spherical, hollow, porous shells extracted from Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisae. The surface of the GPs is composed primarily of 1,3--glucan and the particles are efficiently phagocytosed via receptor-mediated cell uptake by macrophages, phagocytic cells expressing glucan receptors. The hollow cavity of the GPs allows for efficient absorption and encaps...

Background: Repeated Implantation Failure (RIF) is one of the most intricate obstacles in assisted reproduction. The cytokine and chemokine composition of uterine cavity seem to play important roles in the implantation process. Objective: To compare the cytokine profile in the endometrium of normal fertile women and those with repeated implantation failure. Methods: After enzymatic digestion of...

Retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) refers to the finding that selectively retrieving some information impairs subsequent memory for related but nonretrieved information. This occurs both for the individual doing the remembering (i.e., within-individual retrieval-induced forgetting: WI-RIF), as well as for individuals merely listening to those recollections (i.e., socially shared retrieval-induc...

BACKGROUND treatment of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, or Buruli ulcer (BU), has shifted from surgery to treatment with streptomycin(STR)+rifampin(RIF) since 2004 based on studies in a mouse model and clinical trials. We tested two entirely oral regimens for BU treatment, rifampin(RIF)+clarithromycin(CLR) and rifapentine(RPT)+clarithromycin(CLR) in the mouse model. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIND...

Recent work by Sweet and Brent on the fast factorization of Cauchy-like matrices through a fast version of Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting has uncovered a potential stability problem which is not present in ordinary Gaussian elimination: excessive growth in the generators used to represent the matrix and its Schur complements can lead to large errors. A natural way to x this problem ...

Unlike the method without pivoting, Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting consecutively applies row permutation to matrix A in order to avoid possible akk diagonal entries of matrix A being equal to zero. Gaussian elimination with partial pivoting solves the matrix equation Ax = b decomposing matrix A into a lower L and upper U triangular matrices such that PA = LU, where P is a row permut...

We present an extension of the DLVHEX system to support RIF-Core, a dialect of W3C’s Rule Interchange Format (RIF), as well as combinations of RIF-Core and OWL2RL ontologies. DLVHEX is a plugin system on top of DLV, a disjunctive Datalog engine which enables higher-order and external atoms, as well as input rewriting capabilities, which are provided as plugins and enable DLVHEX to bidirectional...