Background: Cardiac dysfunction is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in thalassemia patients. This study aimed to compare the effect of Brain Natriuretic Peptides (BNP) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) with echocardiographic findings in early diagnosis of cardiac disease in major thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 80 patients amo...

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome may be accurately diagnosed during fetal life. Prenatal diagnosis provides the opportunity for parents to make an informed choice about their options, including surgery, nonintervention postnatally or termination of pregnancy. Short to medium term survival continues to improve for a condition that was previously invariably lethal. There continues to be a signific...

listen to the heart sounds gives us valuable information about existence of disorder in heart rate and rhythm, ventricular fibrillation and movement of blood through valves. this required a lot of skills. so it is necessary to understand and apply these skills for nurses in cardiac and intensive care. abnormal sounds can be recognized by them. for facilitation this work, nurses should be have i...

infective endocarditis can complicate with ischemic stroke. neurological complications develop in 20-40% of all patients with infective endocarditis. these are mainly due to vegetation embolism.this report represents a case of 30 years old female patient who presented with features of heart failure new york heart association (nyha) class iv with infective endocarditis and left hemiparesis. on e...

we investigated neuronal uptake of noradrenaline (na) at the level of larger vessels (thoracic aorta and vena cava left renal artery and left renal vein lateral saphenous artery and lateral saphenous vein and finally central ear artery and marginal ear vein) in a model devised to mimic heart failure. the model presented here is the rabbit coronary ligation model in which myocardial infarction w...