Introduction. Let U ⊆ R be open and ω = a1dx1+·· ·+andxn a nonsingular, integrable 1-form on U of class C1, and let be the foliation on U associated to ω. A leaf L⊆ U of is a Rolle leaf if any C1 curve γ : [0,1] → U with γ (0),γ (1) ∈ L is tangent to at some point, that is, ω(γ (t))(γ ′(t)) = 0 for some t ∈ [0,1]. Note that while a leaf of is in general only an immersed manifold, any Rolle leaf...

Generalized estimating equation solvers in R only allow for a few pre-determined options for the link and variance functions. We provide a package, geeM, which is implemented entirely in R and allows for user specified link and variance functions. The sparse matrix representations provided in the Matrix package enable a fast implementation. To gain speed, we make use of analytic inverses of the...

This paper demonstrates that it is possible to relax the commitment to numeric degrees of belief while retaining the desirable features of the Bayesian approach for representing and changing states of belief. We first present an abstract representation of states of belief and an associated notion of conditionalization that subsume their Bayesian counterparts. Next, we provide some symbolic and ...

The sound insulations were measured of a range of single, double and triple leaf partitions. For the single leaf partitions, a staggered stud configuration was used. For the double and triple leaf partitions, the configuration of the boards was different from that in the conventional Camdens. At low frequencies, the partitions tested generally had higher sound insulations than comparable metal-...

Premature leaf senescence negatively impacts the grain yield in the important monocot rice (Oryza sativa L.); to understand the molecular mechanism we carried out a screen for mutants with premature senescence leaves in a mutant bank generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis of elite indica rice ZhongJian100. Five premature senescence leaf (psl15, psl50, psl89, psl117 and psl270) m...

MicroRNAs originate from primary transcripts containing hairpin structures. The levels of mature miR156 influence the leaf number prior to flowering in the life cycle of plants. To understand the molecular mechanism of biogenesis of primary miR156a (pri-miR156a) to mature miR156, a base-pair opening dynamics study was performed using model RNAs mimicking the cleavage site of wild type and B5 bu...

twenty-two bread wheat cultivars along with susceptible (sholeh) and resistant (azadi) control cultivars were evaluated for resistance to russian wheat aphid of two growth stages including seedling and stem elongation in greenhouse. five adult aphids per plant were used for infestation. leaf chlorosis at seedling and stem elongation stages and leaf rolling at seedling stage were measured. other...

The presence of actinorhizas and arbuscular mycorrhizas may reduce plant stresses caused by adverse soil conditions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using a sediment with a high pH, resulting from the disposal of waste originated at an acetylene and polyvinylchloride factory, in which Black alder (Alnus glutinosa) seedlings were inoculated either with Glomus intraradices BEG163 (originall...

High throughput assays have been developed to measure the ice nucleation activity of transgenic tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petit Havana SR1 plants expressing the ice nucleation gene, inaZ, from Pseudomonas syringae at a young seedling stage, as well as in leaf tissue. Both assays are carried out in 96-well microtitre plates. The first assay involves direct seeding in vitro, one seed per ...