The well-known Reingold-Tilford algorithm produces tidy layered drawings of trees: drawings where all nodes at the same depth are vertically aligned. However, when nodes have varying heights, layered drawing may use more vertical space than necessary. A non-layered drawing of a tree places children at a fixed distance from the parent, thereby giving a more vertically compact drawing. Moreover, ...

In recent years, layered bismuth oxyhalide nanomaterials have received more and more interest as promising photocatalysts because their unique layered structures endow them with fascinating physicochemical properties; thus, they have great potential photocatalytic applications for environment remediation and energy harvesting. In this article, we explore the synthesis strategies and growth mech...

Layered and nanotubular systems that are metallic or graphitic are known to exhibit unusual dispersive van der Waals (vdW) power laws under some circumstances. In this paper we investigate the vdW power laws of bulk and finite layered systems and their interactions with other layered systems and atoms in the electromagnetically non-retarded case. The investigation reveals substantial difference...

BACKGROUND Biological system is a multi-layered structure of omics with genome, epigenome, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome, etc., and can be further stretched to clinical/medical layers such as diseasome, drugs, and symptoms. One advantage of omics is that we can figure out an unknown component or its trait by inferring from known omics components. The component can be inferred by the ones ...

In this paper we present a new method for obtaining situation awareness via the automatic recognition of agent behaviours. In contrast to many other approaches, the presented method models different behaviour durations without using a fixed classification window, and does not require a distribution of behaviour durations. We introduce the Variable Window Layered Hidden Markov Model (VW-LHMM) as...