PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of three techniques for correction of cast implant bars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty cast implant bars were fabricated on a metal master model. All cast implant bars were sectioned at 5 mm from the left gold cylinder using a disk of 0.3 mm thickness, and then each group of ten specimens was corrected by gas-air torch soldering...

In this paper, I develop the Soldering formalism in a new domain the noncommutative planar gauge field theories. The Soldering mechanism fuses two distinct theories showing opposite or complimentary properties of some symmetry, taking into account the interference effects. The above mentioned symmetry is hidden in the composite (or soldered) theory. In the present work it is shown that a pair o...

A newly designed three dimensional (3-D) flexible circuit as a package with five IC chips has been invented, and the prototype of the 3-D package using laser micromachining has been successfully demonstrated. Fabrication processes of the 3-D package consist of (1) preparation of printed wiring on the flexible substrate, (2) selective polyimide material removing on contact pads using UV laser (3...

The advent of the Ultraintense Tabletop Laser Systems (UITLSs) has opened new and until then unexpected frontiers allowing the development and the progress of new research areas, in particular in scientific and industrial fields. Usually, these laser systems are used to generate plasma on solid or gaseous targets, so-called Laser Induced Plasma (LIP). The generated plasma behaves like a source ...

The objective of the work reported is to study the effect of wavelength and the material removal mechanisms of a laser process for removing copper oxide from copper. The removal of copper oxide is necessary in electronics device fabrication in order to improve the surface wetability and so achieve a good quality solder joint. Such a laser cleaning process could be incorporated into an existing ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We compared ureteral anastomosis using a laser and intraluminal albumin stent with both conventional suturing and laser soldering techniques. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve pigs underwent bilateral ureteral anastomoses (N = 24) using one of the three anastomotic methods: (1) laser welding with intraluminal albumin stent (N = 11); (2) with albumin solder (N...