this study investigates the application of landscape ecology in planning and design of urban ecological systems. the ecological approach to landscape planning and the concepts of designing and implementing ecological systems have gained increasing attention in the last two decades. however, the ecological systems of urban environment need more research to consider built and natural patches and ...

The development of spatial optimization and simulation techniques in GIS can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of maps generated to pursue spatial pattern objectives in landscape design and planning. This chapter describes how pattern optimization and simulation can be useful in visualizing alternative possible landscapes and for evaluating landscape planning and design scenarios, and ...

After the global developments that occurred, most important of which is spread Covid 19 pandemic, it was imperative to pay attention outdoor spaces preserve public health. There are studying relationships between sustainable landscape design, people, and urban environment. The research problem revolves around a commitment design rules, included variables in natural space environment: environmen...