in this article our objective is to obtain steady state characteristics of shunt, series, and separately excited dc motors coupled with a centrifugal water pump supplied through a step-up, step-down, and cuk converter from photovoltaic generator. we assume that there are no storage batteries and, of course, the system must operate on maximum utilization i.e. maximum water must be pumped. it is ...

Systematic and comprehensive compilation of land use statistics is necessary for planned development of agriculture, forests, grasslands, rural settlements, urban spreads, industries and other land based programmes and activities. The need for optimizing land use in an integrated manner has become particularly relevant in recent years as a consequence of compelling and conflicting demands of gr...

The present investigation presents a stochastic model for a flexible manufacturing system consisting of flexible machine, loading/unloading robot and an automated pallethandling device. We consider unreliable flexible manufacturing cell (FMC) wherein machine and robot operate under individual as well as common cause random failures. The pallethandling system is completely reliable. The pallet o...

Differences exist in land use/cover pattern and its change between the P. R. China and the USA. In order to describe those differences, land use changes in representative regions were quantitatively analyzed and compared. Xiamen City, Changzhutan region and Liupan Mountains regions were selected to represent three different hydrogeomorphic areas of eastern, central, and western China, respectiv...

The dramatic increasing of sea-freight container transportations and the developing trend for using containers in the multimodal handling systems through the sea, rail, road and land in the present market cause some challenges to the general managers of container terminals such as increasing demand, competitive situation, new investments and expansion of new activities and the need to use new m...