The land surface soil moisture is a crucial variable in weather and climate models. This study presents a land data assimilation system (LDAS) that aims to improve the simulation of the land surface soil moisture and energy fluxes bymerging themicrowave remote sensing data and the general circulationmodel (GCM)output into a land surfacemodel (LSM). This systemwas applied over the TibetanPlateau...

irrigular land use, land degradation and increasing yield per surface area unit supplicate to be inevitable optimal land utilization.so land evaluation, planning and management to be necessary to achieve a sustainabledevelopment.following this trend, microleis (mediterranean land evaluation information system)has evolved towards an agro-ecological decision support system.the goal of this study ...

In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is coupled with the Advanced Canopy– Atmosphere–Soil Algorithm (ACASA), a high-complexity land surface model. Although WRF is a state-of-the-art regional atmospheric model with high spatial and temporal resolutions, the land surface schemes available in WRF, such as the popular NOAH model, are simple and lack the capability of repr...

This study developed a coupled land–atmosphere satellite data assimilation system as a new physical downscaling approach, by coupling a mesoscale atmospheric model with a land data assimilation system (LDAS). The LDAS consists of a land surface scheme as the model operator, a radiative transfer model as the observation operator, and the simulated annealing method for minimizing the difference b...

Abstract. In this paper the land surface model embedded in PALM system is described and evaluated against situ measurements at Cabauw, Netherlands. A total of 2 consecutive clear-sky days are simulated, components energy balance, potential temperature, humidity, horizontal wind speed compared to observations. For simulated period, balance consistent with daytime nighttime observations, Bowen ra...

Several studies have examined the sensitivity of fronts and cyclones to model physics over the ocean or flat terrain in mesoscale models (e.g., Zhang et al. 1999). Nonetheless, fewer studies have examined the sensitivity of fronts and cyclones over complex terrain to model physics in the WRF model at very high resolution. Physics parameterizations in the WRF model, including multiple choices of...

A climate model must include an accurate surface physics scheme in order to examine the interactions between the land and atmosphere. Given an increase in the surface radiative forcing, the sensitivity of latent heat flux to available energy plays an important role in determining the energy budget and has a significant impact on the response of surface temperature. The Penman–Monteith equation ...

Numerous land surface models exist for predicting water and energy fluxes in the terrestrial environment. These land surface models have different conceptualizations (i.e., process or physics based), together with structural differences in representing spatial variability, alternate empirical methods, mathematical formulations and computational approach. These inherent differences in modeling a...

Land surface process models describe the energy, water, carbon, and nutrient fluxes on a local to regional scale using a set of environmental land surface parameters and variables. They need time series of spatially distributed inputs to account for the large spatial and temporal variability of land surface processes. In principle many of these inputs can be derived through remote sensing using...

Cities are experiencing rapid population growth and consequently extensive urbanization. Land-use/land-cover change is one of the important elements worldwide, which significantly affect the environment. This study aims to describe the emergence of urban heat and cool islands as a result of changes in land-use/land-cover. Land surface temperature over a 32-year period in Isfahan city, Iran was ...