A method was developed in which E. coli cells were irradiated with four MeV electrons and transferred to alkaline detergent within a fraction of a second. This technique minimizes the amount of repair of radiation damage before analysis without the necessity of using physical or chemical treatments to inhibit repair and alter the physiological condition of the cells. The yield of DNA strans bre...

We cloned the gene (c1) which encodes the repressor of vegetative function of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteriophage D3. The cloned gene was shown to inhibit plating of D3 and the induction of D3 lysogens by UV irradiation. The efficiency of plating and prophage induction of the heteroimmune P. aeruginosa phage F116L were not affected by the presence of the cloned c1 gene of D3. When the D3 DNA f...

LamB is the cell surface receptor for bacteriophage lambda. LamB missense mutations yielding resistance to lambda group in two classes. Class I mutants block the growth of lambda with the wild-type host range (lambda h+) but support the growth of one-step host range mutants (lambda h). Class II mutants block lambda h but support the growth of two-step host range mutant (lambda hh*) phages. To i...

We have developed a cell-free system to study bacteriophage lambda DNA replication. Maximal DNA synthesis in vitro requires the four deoxynucleoside triphosphates, ATP, and exogenous lambda DNA. DNA synthesis requires the products of the phage O and P genes but is not inhibited by lambda repressor. The kinetics of synthesis is linear for 10-15 min; however, the product of synthesis amounts to o...

In a thermosensitive dnaZ mutant lysogenic for lambda, induction of the prophage development was provoked at the restrictive temperature. In dnaD strain, spontaneous release of lambda proceeded even at 43 degrees C, but distinct induction of the prophage development was not caused by a heat treatment. Similarly, shift up of growth temperature did not lead to induction of lambda in lysogens carr...

A clone bearing the structural gene sacB, coding for the exoenzyme levansucrase, was isolated from a library of Bacillus subtilis DNA that was cloned in phage lambda charon 4A on the basis of the transforming activity of the chimeric DNA. This lambda clone also was found to contain the sacR and smo loci. Subcloning the sacB-sacR region in plasmid pBR325 resulted in a clone which directed levans...

The inactivation mechanism of virus and bacteria by atmospheric discharge plasma has been studied actively. However, predominant factors in the inactivation are not clear at all. Because the atmospheric discharge plasma includes a lot of possible inactivation factors such as active oxygen species, ozone and ultraviolet rays, it is difficult to analyze each effect separately. In this study, bact...