Efficient reproductive performance of lactating dairy cattle in tropical/subtropical and arid environments throughout the world is impacted by a multiplicity of factors such as: the physical environment, socialeconomic status of producers, available nutrients, adaptability and genetic composition of cattle, intensive or extensive management systems, and available reproductive technology. Season...

First cut red clover-grass mixture sward were ensiled in two pits with inoculant (Lactobacillus rhamnosus + Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. Shermanii) and without any additives. Fermentation quality, nutrient losses and aerobic stability of silages were determined. The inoculated silage had no butyric acid, nutrient losses were lowered by 19.4%. In inoculated silage organic matter digesti...

The main factors affecting the outcome of Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) mastitis were examined through a survey of diagnostic data and interviews relating to the occurrence of T. pyogenes mastitis in 83 quarters from 82 Holstein cows between August 2012 and April 2014. Ultimately, one cow was sold during the examination, and 82 quarters from 81 cows were used for analysis on prognosis. T. ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (R. sphaeroides) supplementation as a direct-fed microbial (DFM) on rumen fermentation in dairy cows and on coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) transition into milk, an in vitro rumen simulation batch culture and an in vivo dairy cow experiment were conducted. METHODS The characteristics of in vitro ruminal fermentation were investigated using rume...

This is the first report of an acute and fatal outbreak of bovine diarrhea virus (BVDV)-2 infection in Israel. The clinical presentation varied with the age of the affected animals with a bovine-respiratory-complex-like syndrome in young stock, and diarrhea and dysentery only in the lactating stock. Enteritis first appeared in one shed of post-parturient cows; it spread for 6 weeks, until at le...

Background: Presynchronization could enhance fertility in timed breeding programs. The best presynchronization method has to justify biological requirements and to provide practical and economic advantages. OBJECTIVES: Present study investigated the effectiveness of presynchronization with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) before ovsynch (eCG-ovsynch) compared to conventional presynch-ovsynch...

Three-hundred and thirty-five lactating dairy cows from two herds were used to compare the effects on reproductive performance of intramuscular injections of 100 micrograms gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), 250 micrograms GnRH or saline given on day 13, 14 or 15 postpartum. The incidence of ovarian cysts or uterine infections was not reduced after GnRH injection. Culling rate for infertili...

The objective was to establish effects of feed presentation time and dietary forage to concentrate ratio on circadian postprandial rhythms of feed intake in lactating cows. Four multiparous and four primiparous Holstein cows were fed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design (with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments) a higher (HC, forage to concentrate ratio = 38.5:61.5) or a lower (LC, forage to ...

The study included 4 herds of dairy cows (C, D, E, F) from CentralEastern Poland. The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare selected haematological and biochemical indicators in the blood of dry and lactating cows from the studied region. Blood was sampled twice from the external jugular vein at two dates: 10-14 days prior to calving and after the first month of lactation. Determin...

The role of obligate anaerobic bacteria in the aetiology of mastitis of lactating dairy cows was investigated. Anaerobes were isolated from 12% of lactating mastitic cows, which were representative of 50% of the 10 dairy herds examined. Bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently isolated organism of (50%), followed by Peptococcus indolicus (33%), Eubacterium lentum (33%), E. aerofaciens (17%)...