This article explores the relevance of deep historical forces that have influenced the historical gender division of labour and the perception of women’s roles in society more generally. In particular, we will review how different types of subsistence activity in the ancient past – such as hunting and gathering and various types of agricultural technology – and geography and language can affect...

Mainstream neoclassical economics takes it as given that the consumption of goods and services (output) is positively related to well-being. Work (labour-input) is assumed to be negatively related to well-being at the margin and so is only undertaken in exchange for payment. This view has been challenged for decades in the psychology and sociology literature and results suggests that employment...

We present a Bayesian sampling algorithm for parameter estimation in a discrete-response model, where the dependent variables contain two layers of binary choices and one ordered response. Our investigation is motivated by an empirical study using such a double-selection rule for three labour-market outcomes, namely labour-force participation, employment and occupational skill level. It is of p...

There are projected shortages in the supply of dentists in Australia, and these shortages are likely to be more evident in areas outside of capital cities. This report explores the geographic distribution of dentists and the differences in supply of dental services to regions defined by remoteness. Remoteness may be thought as the travel time to obtaining goods and services. Australian Statisti...

The trend in most of the industrialised counties is in the direction of decreasing labour force participation of older workers. The steady withdrawal of workers from the workforce at a younger age suggests that retirement income is gradually increasing and/or that older workers are increasingly being forced out of the labour market. Regardless of whether early retirement can be traced to the la...

OBJECTIVE To quantify the poverty status and level of disadvantage experienced by Australians aged 45-64 years who have left the labour force due to diabetes in 2010. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A purpose-built microsimulation model, Health&WealthMOD2030, was used to estimate the poverty status and level of disadvantage of those aged 45-64 years who prematurely retire from the workforce due t...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have documented an elevated frequency of depressive symptoms and disorders in fibromyalgia, but have not examined the association between this comorbidity and occupational status. The purpose of this study was to describe these epidemiological associations using a national probability sample. METHODS Data from iteration 1.1 of the Canadian Community Health Survey (...

In this paper we investigate to what extent the labour market integration of young people within the European Union is influenced by national institutional contexts of both the employment system and the education/training system. For this purpose, data of the 1992-1997 European Community Labour Force Surveys (ECLFS) were used. We looked at three important indicators that capture the (lack of) l...