We have performed high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations of the Lya forest in a variety of popular cold dark matter dominated cosmologies, including a low density and a vacuumdominated model. The ̄uctuation amplitude of these models is chosen to match the observed abundance of galaxy clusters at low redshift. We assume that the intergalactic medium is photoionized and photoheated by a uniform...

We study opinion formation in a population of leftists, centrists and rightist. In an interaction between neighbouring agents, a centrist and a leftist can become both centrists or leftists (and similarly for a centrist and a rightist), while leftists and rightists do not affect each other. The evolution is controlled by the initial density of centrists ρ0. For any spatial dimension the system ...

This study is to investigate the short- and long-run causal relationship between agglomeration (localization and urbanization) economies and labor productivity in the manufacturing sector of 28 Iranian provinces over an 11-year period, 2001–2011. Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) method was used to estimate our long-run panel data model. The empirical findings suggested that localiz...