Previous research suggests that criminal victimisation can impact negatively on both physical and psychological health. However, as yet, little is known about crime and its effects on population health in the former Soviet Union (fSU) - despite a sharp growth in crime rates in the countries in this region after the collapse of the communist system. Given this gap in current knowledge, this stud...

OBJECTIVES We sought to provide comparative data on smoking habits in countries of the former Soviet Union. METHODS We conducted cross-sectional surveys in 8 former Soviet countries with representative national samples of the population 18 years or older. RESULTS Smoking rates varied among men, from 43.3% to 65.3% among the countries examined. Results showed that smoking among women remains...

BACKGROUND Limited evidence exists on obesity in the former Soviet Union (fSU), particularly its micro- and meso-level determinants. The objectives of this study were to determine age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of self-reported overweight and obesity in nine fSU countries; explore the relationship between individual and household (micro-level) factors and obesity; and explore the relations...

OBJECTIVE To explain patterns of fruit and vegetable consumption in nine former Soviet Union countries by exploring the influence of a range of individual- and community-level determinants. DESIGN Cross-sectional nationally representative surveys and area profiles were undertaken in 2010 in nine countries of the former Soviet Union as part of the Health in Times of Transition (HITT) study. In...

Since the beginning of 2000s, China has embarked on an unprecedented path economic development, as evidence which is largest project XXI century initiated by People's Republic China. The global Belt and Road Initiative announced first person country, Xi Jinping, a shortened name ‘Silk Economic Belt’ ‘XXI Century Maritime Silk Road’. It covers Asia-Pacific, Europe, Central Asia, Southeast West A...

with the collapse of the soviet :union:, vacuum of power emerged in the south caucasus. this matter has sparked trans-regional and regional powers competition. the newly established republics create challenges and opportunities for iran and turkey. the result of this situation is the competition between tehran and ankara in the region. this topic is highly important in regional equations becaus...

The Nitidula carnaria complex is defined to comprise three Palaearctic species: the widely distributed (Schaller, 1783), N. maculosa Fairmaire, 1866 occurring in eremial of North Africa and Middle East, a newly described obenbergeri sp. nov. from northern China, Mongolia neighbouring territories Kazakhstan Russia. First records are given for Georgia, Pakistan Tajikistan; flavomaculata Rossi, 17...

Almost two decades since conflict broke out between Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia, two northern neighbors of Iran, in Nagorno – Karabakh region. Although military conflict in this region has minimized with the existing ceasefire, and reaching a sustainable agreement is likely to be happened by the two parties. Close regional and international cooperation seems necessary more than ever in o...