The aim of this study was to adapt the "Questionnaires for Knowledge and Compliance with Standard Precaution" to Brazilian Portuguese. This was a methodological study with the following steps: 1) initial translations; 2) synthesis of translations; 3) analysis by a committee of experts; 4) back translation; 5) semantic validation; and 6) pretest. The sample was composed of 42 nurses, 12 of which...

The use of knowledge-based machine translation with controlled technical text can produce high-quality translations. However, building and maintaining knowledge bases can require signiicant time and eeort, since they typically involve hand-coding of semantic preferences. When a system can't disambiguate based on semantic preferences, it can initiate interactive disambiguation with the author to...

The use of knowledge-based machine translation with controlled technical text can produce high-quality translations. However, building and maintaining knowledge bases can require significant time and effort, since they typically involve handcoding of semantic preferences. When a system can't disambiguate based on semantic preferences, it can initiate interactive disambiguation with the author t...

the theme of this article is about structural analysis of one of khayyam’s quatrains and also a review and critique on two different russian translations of it. first we will provide a linguistic analysis of this quatrain on the basis of its form and content structures. then we will go through a review and criticise these two different translations. khayyam, one of iran’s poets, who had so many...

the effect of translation on political, economic and cultural relations is an undeniable issue. translation is one of the ways to convey information and knowledge all over the world. moreover, it is a way to establish relationships among nations with different languages. iran and armenia are two very close peoples that have had deep relations from antiquity and share a common culture, backgroun...

 In this research, different English translations of Sa‘di’s Bustan were studied. An anecdote was selected randomly with its three English translations to identify whether or not the translators have managed to convey the messages of the original poem. The three selected translations were examined according to two of the criteria that Larson (1984) has proposed (accuracy and naturalness) for te...

Abstract Translation of literary texts, especially poetry, is one of the most difficult tasks; it requires mastery and knowledge of the language system and culture, and lack of this might lead to wrong translation. This study aimed to examine the loss and gain of the sociocultural implicit meanings in the English translations of the Mu’allaqat, and assess whether the translators of the Mu’allaq...

IN late medieval England, the number of persons literate in the vernacular was growing rapidly.' The same interest in self-improvement which led these people to learn to read also led them to seek out, or to sponsor the production of, works that would make available to them knowledge from both antique and earlier medieval sources knowledge to which as yet, for the most part, only those who coul...