The text and data in this publication may be reproduced as long as the source is cited. Reproductions for commercial purposes are forbidden. The International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth disseminates these Country Studies to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. These studies are signed by the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and...

The paper provides a framework to help the weak retailer delineate the circumstances that allow him to benefit from an alliance between the dominant retailer and the common manufacturer. We use a game-theoretic model to determine the optimal pricing and service strategies when channel members act independently then when the dominant retailer forms an alliance with the manufacturer. We find that...

Pressure on public finances has increased scrutiny of public support for innovation. We examine two particular issues. First, there have been many recent calls for the (relatively new) UK R&D subsidy to be extended to other “research” activities, such as software. Second, argument still rages about the efficacy of direct public spending on R&D via spending on academic research councils, univers...

Using company account data for the US and four European countries this paper analyses the impact of ICT spillovers on companies’ performance. We use different definitions of spillovers to account for inter and intra-industry spillover effects, as well as assessing the presence of spillovers from the US to Europe. We also look at the possibility that spillovers might take some time to materialis...

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expresse...

The purpose of this study is to analyze the consequence of the existence of positive externality in the optimal choice of a firm’s time of investment in a gaming environment. I consider a situation where firms can increase their subsequent revenue stream by investing at a period of time. The investment opportunity is assumed to be one-time opportunity and once it is made, it cannot be redone, i...

This report is one in the series of background studies prepared for the 2001 update of the World Bank's Rural Development Strategy. This series was created to disseminate findings of work in progress and to encourage the exchange of ideas among Bank staff and all others interested in development issues. This paper carries the name of the author and should be used and cited accordingly. The find...

A method to analyze and assess knowledge sharing risks in the virtual enterprise is proposed. Firstly, based on risks analysis, an index system is set up to assess such risks as the core competence losing risk, the enterprise culture risk, the knowledge spillover effect risk and the moral risk, etc.. Then, according to the index system and the characteristics of linguistic assessment informatio...

This article focuses on entrepreneurship in economic geography and aims at a systematic investigation of regional variation in knowledge-based entrepreneurial activity. We develop and test a three-phase structural model for regional systems of entrepreneurship after introducing a systems approach to entrepreneurship. The model is built upon the absorptive capacity theory of knowledge spillover ...

It is our great pleasure to present you the proceeding of the 32 edition of the IEEE International Performance Computing and Communications Conference, held December 6th 8th, 2013 in San Diego, California, Unite States. The conference provided a forum for the exchange of ideas and results among researchers, developers, and practitioners working in all aspects of performance of computer and comm...