OBJECTIVE To report the in vivo laser confocal microscopy findings of corneas with keratoconus, with special attention to abnormality of Bowman's layer and sub-Bowman's fibrous structures (Kobayashi-structures [K-structures]). METHODS Sixteen keratoconic eyes in 8 consecutive patients with keratoconus (4 males, 4 females, mean age, 41.1 years) were included in this study. Slit-lamp biomicrosc...

PURPOSE Mutations in ZEB1 have been reported in posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD3; MIM #609141) and Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD6; MIM #613270). Although PPCD and keratoconus are clinically and pathologically distinct, PPCD has been associated with keratoconus, suggesting a common genetic basis. The purpose of our study was to perform mutational screening of the ZEB1...

PURPOSE To determine whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) epithelial mapping can improve the detection of form fruste keratoconus. SETTING French National Eye Hospital, Paris 6 Pierre & Marie Curie University, Paris, France. DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. METHODS Eyes with normal corneas, form fruste keratoconus, moderate keratoconus, or severe keratoconus were assessed usi...

Keratoconus is a corneal disorder progressive characterized by thinning and steepening of the central and paracentral cornea, which leads to protrusion [1]. The exact cause of the disease remains to be fully elucidated although its etiology probably is multifactorial with a genetic predisposition to keratoconus influenced by external environmental factors (eye rubbing and atopy) [2] with differ...

Keratoconus is a noninflammatory, usually, bilateral progressive disease. It is a pathology characterized by a progressive thinning and ectasia of the stroma that results in cone-shaped cornea. In advanced keratoconus with corneal opacities, keratoplasty, can be the only surgical alternative for a long time. Recently, new treatment alternatives were developed in keratoconus treatment, such as i...

Keratoconus is a progressive thinning and anterior protrusion of the cornea that results in steepening and distortion of the cornea, altered refractive powers, and reduced vision. Keratoconus has a complex multifactorial etiology, with environmental, behavioral, and multiple genetic components contributing to the disease pathophysiology. Using genome-wide and candidate gene approaches several g...

Purpose To describe a new technique to deliver riboflavin into the corneal stroma during Corneal Cross-Linking (CXL) without removal of epithelium. Methods Keratoconus patients underwent CXL for progressive keratoconus. Riboflavin was delivered by manually creating an epithelial pocket (CXL Epi-Pocket). Verbal rating scale recorded postoperatively. Best-corrected visual acuity, keratometric ind...

PURPOSE To describe the baseline findings in patients enrolled in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study. METHODS This is a longitudinal observational study of 1209 patients with keratoconus enrolled at 16 clinical centers. Its main outcome measures are corneal scarring, visual acuity, keratometry, and quality of life. RESULTS The CLEK Study patients had a mea...

BACKGROUND Numerous videokeratographic methods are used in the diagnosis of keratoconus. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the KISA% index with the keratometry (K) value, inferior-superior (I-S) value, relative skewing of the steepest radial axes (SRAX), and keratometric astigmatism (AST) indices in 25 patients presenting with bilateral keratoconus. M...