probiotics are defined as living microorganisms with beneficial effects on the host. probiotics, according to the least negative effect on the body, are considered as a good alternative to chemical drugs. lactobacillus acidophilus is used as a probiotic that is able to reduce cholesterol level in the blood. the effect of various concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus for enhancing th...

This paper describes optimization of fermentation conditions for the production of thermostable pullulanase from a new strain Bacillus cereus FDTA 13, isolated from tapioca soil. By using one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array method, a simple medium with effective and minimal components was optimized for maximal pullulanase production. The optimized medium containing (in g/L): starch 20, ye...

In order to increase the mycelial production of Phellinus linteus, which exhibits potent anticancer activity, some ingredients of the medium used to culture P. linteus were investigated. The optimal medium composition for the production of Phellinus linteus was determined to be as follows: fructose, 40 g/l; yeast extract, 20 g/l; K2HPO4, 0.46 g/l; KH2PO4, 1.00 g/l; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.50 g/l; FeCl2·6...

Lichens are reputedly slow growing and become unhealthy or die in response to supplements of the usual limiting resources, such as water and nitrogen. We found, however, that the tripartite cyanobacterial lichen Lobaria pulmonaria doubled in annual biomass growth after a single 20-minute immersion in a phosphorus solution (K2HPO4), as compared to controls receiving no supplemental phosphorus. T...

The study aimed to establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantitative analysis of related substances bedaquiline fumarate. Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry were used characterization assay. A chromatographic was separation. conditions were: gradient elution system composed methanol 0.01mol/L KH2PO4 0.01 mol/L K2HPO4 (pH = 4.1) with flow rate 1 ...

Bacteriocin AMA-K produced by Lactobacillus plantarum AMA-K inhibits the growth of Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Listeria spp. Growth of strain AMA-K in BHI, M17, soy milk and molasses was similar to growth in MRS. The effect of organic nitrogen sources, carbohydrates, glycerol, K2HPO4 and KH2PO4, MgSO4, MnSO4, tri-ammonium citrate, Tween 80, vitamins and initia...

Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT, EC 2.3.1.26) is responsible for intracellular esterification of cholesterol and plays a key role in intestinal absorption of cholesterol, hepatic production of lipoproteins1,2) and accumulation of cholesteryl esters within macrophages and smooth muscle cells of the atheroma3). Therefore, ACAT is an attractive target for new treatments of hypercholest...

Reagents. β-D-(+)-glucose, ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA) and p-acetamidophenol (AP) were purchased from Sigma and used as received. Porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes with the pore sizes of 20 and 100 nm were from Whatman Corporation. The quoted pore diameters of the PAA membranes were 20 and 100 nm, but actually, according to the SEM image of the PAA membrane, there was a pore diameter...

A bacterium producing an alkaline protease was isolated from the Lonar soda lake, Buldhana district (19 degrees 58' N; 76 degrees 31' E), Maharashtra, India. The most appropriate medium for the growth and protease production was composed of (g/L): casein 10; yeast extract 4; KH2PO4 0.5, K2HPO4 0.5 and CaCl2 0.5. The enzyme showed maximum activity with and without 5 mM Ca2+ at 70 and 60 degrees ...

A simple, rapid, inexpensive, and automated flow-through solid-phase spectroscopic sensing device is proposed for the sequential determination of 2 vitamins: thiamine and ascorbic acid. The vitamins are concentrated on ion-exchange gels, thiamine on Sephadex SP C-25, and ascorbic acid on Sephadex QAE A-25; both solid supports are packed in 2 different flow cells. The absorbance is monitored dir...