Pathogenic microorganisms can lead to serious outbreaks of foodborne illnesses, particularly if fresh produce becomes contaminated and then happens to be inappropriately handled in a manner that can incubate pathogens. Pathogenic microbial contamination of produce can occur through a variety of pathways, such as from the excrement of domesticated and wild animals, biological soil amendment, agr...

Rifapentine is a long-acting cyclopentyl-derivative of rifampin. This study was designed to investigate the mass balance and biotransformation of 14C-rifapentine in humans. Four healthy male volunteers received a single 600-mg oral dose of 14C-rifapentine in a hydroalcoholic solution. Whole blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected before and at frequent intervals after drug administration...

Study of fat absorption in a patient requires the determination of the fat content of feces. Quantitative chemical methods available for such determinations are too laborious to be practical for routine analyses. Estimation of the fat content of feces by microscopic examination, practised by many clinicians, is unreliable; this can be demonstrated by comparing the results of microscopic determi...

Background: The H9N2 subtype of the influenza virus, which is endemic in many regions of Iran, is considered as a candidate for future pandemics. In the present study, excretion time of the Iranian endemic influenza virus (H9N2 subtype) from the feces and pharyngeal secretions of laying chicken breeds was evaluated. Methods: This experimental study conducted at the Diagnostic Laboratory Scienc...

The inclusion of low phytate grains in poultry diets can reduce the phosphorus (P) content of poultry feces, but their influence on fecal P composition is not well established. To assess this, 100 male broiler chicks (21 days old) were fed dietary treatments based on either a wild-type barley or one of three low phytate mutant barleys with 59, 62 and 99% reductions in phytate P, compared with t...

Microorganisms play integral roles in the cycling of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) for fish and shellfish production. We quantified the pathways of shrimp fecal bacterial activities and their role in C- and N-flux partitioning relevant to culturing Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei, in RAS. Freshly produced feces from P. vannamei conta...

The process of egg production has to be regarded as severe metabolic stress to the hen. Elevated corticosterone concentrations have been described to precede oviposition for one to two hours, but may be masked by the diurnal changes in levels of glucocorticosteroids (corticosterone, cortisol). Increased corticoid levels were discussed either to be involved in the local induction of the process ...

panel B). We performed C. burnetii– specific qPCR on the ticks; 14 (88%) were positive. We genotyped C. burnetii–positive DNA from the feces and from 6 of the 16 ticks by using multispacer sequence typing as described (5). All samples were identified as MST17, the unique genotype circulating in Cayenne (5). After obtaining the laboratory results, we confirmed that a local group in charge of the...

Vismodegib (GDC-0449), a small-molecule Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, was well tolerated in patients with solid tumors and showed promising efficacy in advanced basal cell carcinoma in a Phase I trial. The purpose of the study presented here was to determine routes of elimination and the extent of vismodegib metabolism, including assessment and identification of metabolites in plasma, urine, and ...