IjBa resides in the cytosol where it retains the inducible transcription factor NF-jB. We show that IjBa also localises to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) to inhibit apoptosis. This effect is especially pronounced in tumour cells with constitutively active NF-jB that accumulate high amounts of mitochondrial IjBa as a NF-jB target gene. 3T3 IjBa / cells also become protected from apoptosi...

Most cancer cells preferentially rely on glycolysis to produce the energy (adenosine triphosphate, ATP) for growth and proliferation. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the apoptosis in cancer cells could be closely associated with the inhibition of glycolysis. In this study, we have found that jolkinolide B (JB), a bioactive diterpenoid extracted from the root of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud, ...

The Toll and Imd pathways induce humoral innate immune responses in Drosophila by activating NF-jB proteins that bind jB target sites. Here, we delineate a jB site sequence code that directs pathway-specific expression of innate immune loci. Using bioinformatic analysis of expression and sequence data, we identify shared properties of Imdand Toll-specific response elements. Employing synthetic ...

We study the -ray emission properties of pulsars by using a new self-consistent outer gap model. The outer gap can exist in pulsars older than 1 million yr if the effect of magnetic inclination angle, as well as the average properties of the outer gap, are considered. The mature -ray pulsars, whose ages are between 0.3 and 3 million yr, are able to move up to high Galactic latitude. Moreover, t...

The European Community's (EC) Key, which is also called Bendixen's Key, is a well-established bovine leukemia virus (BLV) diagnostic method that classifies cattle according to the absolute lymphocyte count and age. The EC Key was originally designed for dairy cattle and is not necessarily suitable for Japanese Black (JB) beef cattle. This study revealed the lymphocyte counts in the BLV-free and...

We continue our recent efforts to exploit the notion of a unitary isotope to study convex combinations of unitaries in an arbitrary JB∗-algebra. Exact analogues of C∗-algebraic results, due to R. V. Kadison, C. L. Olsen and G. K. Pedersen, are proved for general JB∗-algebras. We show that if a contraction in a JB∗-algebra is a convex combination of n unitaries, then it is also a mean of n unita...

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