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Since Antiquity, a central concern of theories of language has been the question whether language is predominantly a matter of “nature” or of “nurture.” One version of this dilemma is whether language is primarily a socio-cultural reality or a biological phenomenon. British Empiricism and German Romantic ideas, interacting in complicated ways, set the stage for much of 19th century linguistic t...

De Groot proved that every group is the autohomeomorphism group of some metrizable space. A space is totally disconnected if every connected subset of it contains at most one point. We prove that every separable metrizable totally disconnected topological group is topologically isomorphic to the autohomeomorphism group of some separable metrizable space, when given the compact-open topology. It...

The term constipation refers to a symptom or complex of symptoms and not a specific diagnosis. Patients and health care providers often define constipation differently. Most health care providers define constipation based on stool frequency. Patients often use the term constipation to describe a broad set of complaints, including straining, hard or infrequent stools, pain during a bowel movemen...

Objectives: To examine whether elimination of fatal diseases will increase healthcare costs. Design: Mortality data from vital statistics combined with healthcare spending in a cause elimination life table. Costs were allocated to specific diseases through the various healthcare registers. Setting and subjects: The population of the Netherlands, 1988. Main outcome measures: Healthcare costs of ...

Discourse Representation Theory is a specific name for the work of Hans Kamp in the area of dynamic interpretation of natural language. Also, it has gradually become a generic term for proposals for dynamic interpretation of natural language in the same spirit. These proposals have in common that each new sentence is interpreted in terms of the contribution it makes to an existing piece of inte...

Much medical research is observational. The reporting of observational studies is often of insufficient quality. Poor reporting hampers the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of a study and the generalisability of its results. Taking into account empirical evidence and theoretical considerations, a group of methodologists, researchers, and editors developed the Strengthening the Reporti...