This paper considers optimal unemployment insurance (UI) with unobserved search e¤ort and savings. Assuming linear search costs, it develops new variational arguments which identify a solution to the necessary conditions for optimality. The structure of the optimal UI program has unusual, yet highly intuitive, properties. A numerical example …nds the optimal policy is well approximated by a lum...

Antibodies targeting receptor-mediated entry of HCV into hepatocytes confer limited therapeutic benefits. Evidence suggests that exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells; however, their role in HCV infection remains obscure. Here, we show that exosomes isolated from sera of chronic HCV infected patients or supernatants of J6/JFH1-HCV-infected Huh7.5 cells contained HCV RNA. These e...

Many plants possess antioxidant ingredients that provided efficacy by additive or synergistic activities. Gomphrena celosioides (Amaranthaceae) was used for treatment of icterus, and malaria in Africa. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo, in vitro antioxidant activity and acute toxicity effects of Gomphrena celosioides(Gc). Acute toxicity study was undertaken on 48 rats using 100 to 4000 mg...

There have been conflicting reports about the occurrence of the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation in Hodgkin's disease. A polymerase chain reaction analysis of biopsy specimens from 21 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) has shown the presence of the t(14;18) translocation in four cases (20%). All four patients had nodular sclerosing HD. Direct sequencing of the amplified 14q+ junctions estab...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, frequently progressing to cirrhosis and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies are inadequate and progress in the field has been hampered by the lack of efficient HCV culture systems. By using a recently described HCV genotype 2a infectious clone that replicates and produces infectious virus in cell cultur...

Suppose that there are k 2 diierent systems (i.e., stochastic processes), where each system has an unknown steady-state mean performance. We consider the problem of running a single-stage simulation using common random numbers to construct simultaneous conndence intervals for i ? max j6 =i j , i = 1; 2; : : : ; k. This is known as multiple comparisons with the best (MCB). Under an assumption th...

The RNAs of hepatitis C virus (HCV) isolates from 62 patients with chronic HCV infection were analyzed by direct sequencing of the 5' untranslated region. Two important sequence motifs were recognized: one between positions -170 and -155 and the other between positions -132 and -117. These motifs are partly complementary. All three previously published genotypes were observed; 34 (55%) isolates...

Branched nucleic acids play important biological roles, and well-known examples such as the Hammerhead ribozyme, the all-RNA enzyme, a three-way junction (3H according to IUPAC nomenclature), and the Holliday junctions or DNA four-way junctions (J6, Figure 1a; 4H according to IUPAC nomenclature) have recently been reviewed. The Holliday junctions form the central intermediates in both homologou...

In this paper I estimate the difference in wage gains from legalization between immigrants who were legalized on the basis of family ties, or smaller scale legalization programs, and those who were legalized in a large scale amnesty program (the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act, IRCA). Estimates suggest that the increase in wage after legalization is 11.7% higher for immigrants who were ...

Little is known about the magnitude of China’s SOE labor redundancy and the patterns and determinants of job creation. Such knowledge gap makes it difficult for decision-makers to provide prescriptions for China’s labor problems. This paper uses a panel data of Chinese provinces between 1986 to 1996 to estimate China’s SOE labor redundancy, and patterns and determinants of job creation in China...