The diversity of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium) in corals at Johnston Atoll in the central Pacific Ocean was assessed using both the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region of the nuclear rDNA and chloroplast 23S rDNA. More sequences were recovered from corals using the ITS2 primers than with the chloroplast 23S primers, a finding that reflects both the higher taxonomic resolu...

Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) pose a serious threat to human health globally and the accurate identification of mosquito species is fundamental entomological diagnostics surveillance implementing effective vector control management. However, cryptic complexes, incomplete or damaged specimens, juvenile life stages complicates task. Molecular characterisation has shown potential identify accura...

Identification of species members of the Hyrcanus Group of Anopheles is difficult because of intraspecific variation in and interspecific similarity among key characters. Hibernating female Anopheles pullus were collected and 6 adults were individually reared. All F1 progeny of wild-caught An. pullus were morphologically identical to An. yatsushiroensis. The 5.8S rDNA-ITS2-28S rDNA region from ...

We consider the totally nonfree (TNF) action of a groups and the corresponding adjoint invariant (AD) measures on the lattices of the subgroups of the given group. The main result is the description of all adjoint-invariant and TNF-measures on the lattice of subgroups of the infinite symmetric group SN. The problem is closely related to the theory of characters and factor representations of gro...

background: accurate identification of sheep nematodes is a critical point in epidemiological studies and monitoring of drug resistance in flocks. however, due to a close morphological similarity between the eggs and larval stages of many of these nematodes,such identification is not a trivial task. there are a number of studies showing that molecular targets in ribosomal dna (internal transcri...

Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium are fundamentally important to the biology of scleractinian corals, as well as to a variety of other marine organisms. The genus Symbiodinium is genetically and functionally diverse and the taxonomic nature of the union between Symbiodinium and corals is implicated as a key trait determining the environmental tolerance of the symbiosis. Su...

Background: Stephanofilaria spp. nematodes are associated with cutaneous lesions in cattle and other livestock mammalian wildlife species. In Australia, Haematobia irritans exigua, commonly known as buffalo fly (BF) transmits a well-described but presently unnamed species of Stephanofilaria, which has been speculatively implicated the aetiology BF lesions. The sensitivity current techniques for...

The cereal cyst nematodes belonging to Heterodera avenae group is a complex species consisting of 12 valid species and overlapping morphological characters make them difficult to be distinguished from one another. The non coding internal transcribed spacer sequences, ITS1 and ITS2 including 5.8S region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) has been very useful for the accurate identification of the species a...