نتایج جستجو برای: itd

تعداد نتایج: 1873  

2009
KENNETH E. HANCOCK VICTOR NOEL BERTRAND DELGUTTE

Human bilateral cochlear implant users do poorly on tasks involving interaural time differences (ITD), a cue which provides important benefits to the normal hearing, especially in challenging acoustic environments. Yet the precision of neural ITD coding in acutely-deafened, bilaterallyimplanted cats is essentially normal (Smith and Delgutte, 2007). One explanation for this discrepancy is that n...

2008
Brian J. Fischer

The interaural time difference (ITD) is the primary auditory cue used by the barn owl for localization in the horizontal direction. ITD is initially computed by circuits consisting of axonal delay lines from one of the cochlear nuclei and coincidence detector neurons in the nucleus laminaris (NL). NL projects directly to the anterior part of the dorsal lateral lemniscal nucleus (LLDa) and this ...

Journal: :Blood 2006
Jennifer L Rocnik Rachel Okabe Jin-Chen Yu Benjamin H Lee Neill Giese David P Schenkein D Gary Gilliland

Acquired mutations in the FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase are common in acute myeloid leukemia and result in constitutive activation. The most frequent mechanism of activation is disruption of the juxtamembrane autoregulatory domain by internal tandem duplications (ITDs). FLT3-ITDs confer factor-independent growth to hematopoietic cells and induce a myeloproliferative syndrome in murine bone marr...

Journal: :Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 2011
W-C Chou H-A Hou C-Y Liu C-Y Chen L-I Lin Y-N Huang Y-C Chao C-A Hsu C-F Huang H-F Tien

BACKGROUND The level of minimal residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at early time points (TPs) may be an important prognostic factor. Although internal tandem duplication of FLT3 (FLT3-ITD) as an MRD marker has been questioned for its instability based on semi-quantitative methods, we hypothesized that FLT3-ITD dynamics measured by sensitive quantitative real-time PCR at earl...

Journal: :Cancer research 2005
Xinping Yang Liyun Liu David Sternberg Liren Tang Ilene Galinsky Daniel DeAngelo Richard Stone

Internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations in the FLT3 tyrosine kinase have been detected in approximately 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Patients harboring FLT3/ITD mutations have a relatively poor prognosis. FLT3/ITD results in constitutive autophosphorylation of the receptor and factor-independent survival. Previous studies have shown that FLT3/ITD activates the signal transd...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2008
Eri Nishino Rei Yamada Hiroshi Kuba Hiroyuki Hioki Takahiro Furuta Takeshi Kaneko Harunori Ohmori

Interaural time difference (ITD) is a major cue for sound source localization. However, animals with small heads experience small ITDs, making ITD detection difficult, particularly for low-frequency sound. Here, we describe a sound-intensity-dependent mechanism for compensating for the small ITD cues in the coincidence detector neurons in the nucleus laminaris (NL) of the chicken aged from 3 to...

2005
Gestur Björn Christianson José Luis Peña Brian Fischer Sharad Shanbhag

The interaural time difference (ITD) is one of two primary binaural cues used to compute the position of a sound source in space. In the barn owl, the ITD is processed in a dedicated neural pathway that terminates at the core area of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICcc). The actual locus of the computation of the ITD is prior to ICcc in the nucleus laminaris (NL), and ICcc rece...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2007
G Björn Christianson José Luis Peña

Performing sound recognition is a task that requires an encoding of the time-varying spectral structure of the auditory stimulus. Similarly, computation of the interaural time difference (ITD) requires knowledge of the precise timing of the stimulus. Consistent with this, low-level nuclei of birds and mammals implicated in ITD processing encode the ongoing phase of a stimulus. However, the brai...

Journal: :Journal of neurophysiology 2010
Martin Singheiser Brian J Fischer Hermann Wagner

The functional role of the low-frequency range (<3 kHz) in barn owl hearing is not well understood. Here, it was tested whether cochlear delays could explain the representation of interaural time difference (ITD) in this frequency range. Recordings were obtained from neurons in the core of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus. The response of these neurons varied with the ITD of the s...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 1999
G L Miller E I Knudsen

Auditory spatial information is processed in parallel forebrain and midbrain pathways. Sensory experience early in life has been shown to exert a powerful influence on the representation of auditory space in the midbrain space-processing pathway. The goal of this study was to determine whether early experience also shapes the representation of auditory space in the forebrain. Owls were raised w...

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