DATING from the first report that isoflurane produces profound reduction in cerebral metabolic rate at clinically relevant concentrations, it has been postulated that isoflurane can provide perioperative neuroprotection. If so, this would be a major advance over using barbiturates for the same purpose. To achieve similar cerebral metabolic rate reduction with barbiturates, patients are committe...

background: it has been hypothesized that the body's response to anesthesia techniques can increase risk of cancer recurrence and metastatic disease after surgery and also can modulate immune responses. some acute inflammatory markers have been measured to survey the immunomodulatory effect of anesthesia, but in this research, we studied the plasma level of cd30 and ykl-40 gene expression which...

Somatosensory, visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials were recorded in 10 unpremedicated patients anaesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen. Recordings were made at 0.5%, 1.1% and 1.65% (six patients) end-tidal isoflurane concentration. There were statistically significant increases in the latencies of the somatosensory (N20), visual and brainstem auditory potentials (waves III and V) wi...

BACKGROUND Isoflurane has been reported to induce caspase-3 activation, which may induce neurotoxicity and contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, especially whether or not isoflurane can induce ryanodine receptors (RyRs)-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to caspase-3 activation. We therefore assessed the e...

BACKGROUND While previous studies have demonstrated neuronal apoptosis and associated cognitive impairment after isoflurane or propofol exposure in neonatal rodents, the effects of these two anesthetics have not been directly compared. Here, we compare and contrast the effectiveness of isoflurane and propofol to cause neurodegeneration in the developing brain and associated cognitive dysfunctio...

BACKGROUND Whether volatile anesthetics produce a second window of preconditioning is unclear. The authors tested the hypothesis that isoflurane causes delayed preconditioning against infarction and, further, that cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mediates this beneficial effect. METHODS Rabbits (n = 43) were randomly assigned to receive 0.9% intravenous saline, the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (...

The objective of this study was to determine the dose-dependent effects of isoflurane on various cardiovascular parameters and the stable range of isoflurane concentrations in Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus). Seven Asiatic black bears were intramuscularly injected with medetomidine, zolazepam and tiletamine (MZT) to induce anesthesia, and anesthesia was maintained by administering isoflu...

Isoflurane, a halogenated volatile anesthetic, is thought to produce anesthesia by depressing CNS function. Many anesthetics, including isoflurane, are thought to modulate and/or directly activate GABA(A) receptors. Chromaffin cells are known to express functional GABA(A) receptors. We previously showed that activation of the GABA(A) receptors, with specific agonists, leads to cellular excitati...

We have studied the effects of increases in isoflurane concentration on the EEG bispectral index (BIS) in 70 patients anaesthetized with isoflurane-nitrous oxide-sufentanil for major abdominal surgery. During surgery, baseline BIS was recorded at 0.8% end-tidal isoflurane with nitrous oxide in oxygen (FIO2 0.35). After this, end-tidal isoflurane was increased to 1.6% for 15 min and decreased su...

UNLABELLED Our aim in this study, performed using a closed cranial window preparation, was to investigate the effect of systemic pretreatment with dexmedetomidine on cerebrovascular response to isoflurane or sevoflurane. After instrumentation under pentobarbital anesthesia, 48 dogs were assigned to one of two groups: the isoflurane group or the sevoflurane group (n = 24 each). Twenty-four dogs ...