Experiments with a liquid metal alloy, galinstan, are reported and show clear evidence of Alfvén wave propagation as well as resonance of Alfvén modes. Galinstan is liquid at room temperature, and although its electrical conductivity is not as large as that of liquid sodium or NaK, it has still been possible to study Alfvén waves, thanks to the use of intense magnetic fields, up to 13 teslas. T...

The quasilinear scattering mean free path of solar flare electrons and nucleons is calculated for interplanetary plasma wave turbulence consisting of a mixture of slab shear Alfvén waves and isotropic fast magnetosonic waves. It is shown that for well-sampled electron and nucleon mean free paths over a wide and overlapping energy range the underlying frequency power spectra of left-handed and r...

Two scenarios of possible ion heating due to finite amplitude parallel propagating Alfvén waves in the solar atmosphere are investigated using a 1D test particle approach. 1. An finite amplitude Alfvén wave is instantly introduced into a plasma (or equivalently, new ions are instantly created). 2. New ions are constantly created. In both scenarios, ions will be picked up by the Alfvén wave. In ...

Results from 1D Vlasov drift-kinetic plasma simulations reveal how and where auroral electrons are accelerated along Earth's geomagnetic field. In the warm plasma sheet, electrons become trapped in shear Alfvén waves, preventing immediate wave damping. As waves move to regions with larger v(Te)/v(A), their parallel electric field decreases, and the trapped electrons escape their influence. The ...

Recent observations have indicated that in addition to the classical “inverted-V” type electron acceleration, auroral electrons often have a field-aligned distribution that is broad in energy and sometimes shows time dispersion indicating acceleration at various altitudes up the field line. Such acceleration is not consistent with a purely electrostatic potential drop, and suggests a wave heati...

Two scenarios of possible ion heating due to finite amplitude parallel propagating Alfvén waves in the solar atmosphere are investigated using a 1D test particle approach. 1. A finite amplitude Alfvén wave is instantly introduced into a plasma (or equivalently, new ions are instantly created). 2. New ions are constantly created. In both scenarios, ions will be picked up by the Alfvén wave. In c...

Cosmic rays scatter off magnetic irregularities (Alfvén waves) with which they are resonant, that is waves of wavelength comparable to their gyroradii. These waves may be generated either by the cosmic rays themselves, if they stream faster than the Alfvén speed, or by sources of MHD turbulence. Waves excited by streaming cosmic rays are ideally shaped for scattering, whereas the scattering eff...

Spherically symmetric numerical models of supernova remnants (SNRs) evolving from the initial explosion up to their final dispersal within the interstellar medium (ISM) and exploding into a tenuous and hot plasma are presented. The parameters of the exploding stars are typical for an old stellar population (Type I SNe) and the external medium is characterized by a temperature between 106K and 3...

We have developed a simulation model of particle acceleration in coronal shock waves. The model is based on a Monte Carlo method, where particles are traced in prescribed large-scale electromagnetic fields utilizing the guiding center approximation. The particles are scattered in the turbulence according to quasilinear theory, with the scattering amplitude directly proportional to the intensity...

The interaction of auroral electrons with kinetic Alfvén waves is complicated by the fact that the Alfvén speed above the ionosphere is strongly inhomogeneous, leading to a region often referred to as the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR). For these waves, the wave-particle interaction must be treated with a non-local kinetic approach. Linear damping of these waves due to the wave-particle int...