Although chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common entities encountered in neurosurgical practice, optimal surgical treatment for CSDH remains controversial. This study retrospectively compared results for CSDH between burr hole drainage alone and burr hole drainage with irrigation. Ninety-two patients with CSDH underwent surgery at our institution from January 1998 through Dec...

In a desk study, nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates were studied and Nconcentrations at one meter depth or at the drain were estimated for Chrysanthemum grown in twelve greenhouse cropping systems, differing in soil type, supplemental lighting and transmissivity. Two N-saving strategies were also studied of which one estimated the N-concentration in the irrigation water to comply with th...

Reduction of migration of fecal coliforms (FC) and streptococci (FS) by limiting the leaching in effluent-irrigated soil was tested in lysimeters packed with quartz sand without or with added biosolids compost or with one of two clayey soils. The 200-L, 70-cm-deep lysimeters were either planted with a Eucalyptus camaldulensis or an Oroblanco citrus tree (in the sand only), or not planted. The E...

Unreasonably high irrigation levels and excessive nitrogen (N) supplementation are common occurrences in the North China Plain that affect winter wheat production. Therefore, a 6-yr-long stationary field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation and N regimes on root development and their relationship with soil water and N use in different soil layers. Compared to the no...

Some imidazolinone herbicides have been shown to be mobile in soil, raising concern about their possible movement to ground water. Three imidazolinone herbicides (imazamethabenz-methyl, 497 g ha(-1); imazethapyr, 14.7 g ha(-1); and imazamox, 14.7 g ha(-1)) commonly used in crop production on the Canadian prairies were applied to a tile-drained field to assess their susceptibility to leach when ...

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of intraabdominal irrigation with warm saline on pain management and gastrointestinal functions in the postoperative period among patients that underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Material and methods: Ninety-one women who underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were enrolled in our study. Patients were allocated to eit...

The Agricultural Water-saving Potential (AWP) has important influences on water-saving technology development, regional irrigation water management, agricultural production and water ecological balance protection. The study aims to design a reasonable methodology to calculate the AWP and analysis the AWP of Guanzhong irrigation area, in Weihe River Basin of China. The AWP was divided into resou...