In long-term follow-up studies, irregular longitudinal data are observed when individuals are assessed repeatedly over time but at uncommon and irregularly spaced time points. Modeling the covariance structure for this type of data is challenging, as it requires specification of a covariance function that is positive definite. Moreover, in certain settings, careful modeling of the covariance st...

this paper describes an optimal design for multivariable pi controller with a high gain structure for an irregular system by genetic algorithm. pi controllers with a high gain structure leads to the asymptotic decomposition of the fast and slow modes in the closed loop system that have unique characteristics. the slow modes are asymptotically uncontrollable and unobservable; therefore, they hav...

Deformable registration of magnetic resonance images between patients with brain tumors and healthy subjects has been an important tool to specify tumor geometry through location alignment facilitate pathological analysis. Since region does not match any ordinary tissue, it difficult deformably register a patient’s normal one. Many patient are associated irregularly distributed lesions, resulti...