In 2004, The Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA Panel) evaluated the safety of iron in general, when present in fortified foods and food supplements, but considered that the available data were insufficient to establish a tolerable upper intake level for iron. The NDA Panel also indicated there are certain subgroups of the population (men and postmenopausal wome...

OBJECTIVE For middle aged and elderly subjects there is a concern that increased iron intake, especially heme iron associated with consumption of red meat, leads to increased iron stores resulting in disturbed glucose homeostasis and risk for cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of heme, non-heme and iron supplementation on i...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Some potential role of iron overload in the development of diabetes mellitus have been suggested. Our study aimed to systematically assess the association between the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and iron intakes/body iron status. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles. Relative risks (RR) of GDM in relat...

BACKGROUND Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional problems in the world. It is frequent in both developed and developing countries and mainly affects women of childbearing age and children. METHODS Results were derived from the ANIBES cross-sectional study using a nationally-representative sample of the Spanish population (9-75 years, n = 2009). A three-day dietary record, coll...

OBJECTIVE The relation between several measures of body iron and atherosclerotic disease, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is debated. This is of specific interest since iron is frequently included in supplementation and fortification of foods. We assessed the relation between dietary iron intake and the risk of non-fatal AMI. DESIGN Case-control study. The information was coll...

This paper evaluates the intakes of the trace elements: iron, zinc and selenium as obtained from food consumption calculations based on the most recent data of JHEIS, 2006. The estimated mineral intake was analyzed using a nutrition analysis software program (Food Processor SQL, 2008). The nutrient intake of these 3 trace elements for different governorates was calculated. The results showed th...

Background: An iron overload may induce pancreatic islet damage and increase risk of diabetes. Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after pregnancy. Objective: We aimed to examine the association of habitual iron intake with long-term risk of T2DM in this high-risk population. Design: We included 3976 women wi...

The aim of the present paper was to describe food and nutrient intake among 12-month-old Norwegian-Somali and Norwegian-Iraqi infants, with a focus on iron and vitamin D intake. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2013 through September 2014. Eighty-nine mothers/infants of Somali origin and 77 mothers/infants of Iraqi origin residing in Eastern Norway participated in the study. D...

BACKGROUND An iron overload may induce pancreatic islet damage and increase risk of diabetes. Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after pregnancy. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the association of habitual iron intake with long-term risk of T2DM in this high-risk population. DESIGN We included 3976 women w...

Menstrual blood loss was measured in 80 apparently healthy women aged 15-44 years. The study showed a median menstrual blood loss of 37.1 ml per period and the range was from 5.4-169.0 ml. With an average menstrual cycle of 29 days and a mean hemoglobin content of 12.8 g/dl the average iron loss was estimated to be about 0.55 mg/day. The simultaneous effects of menstrual iron loss and dietary i...