English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) are developing branches of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Iran. These branches have a marginal status in the tertiary education, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology’s high commission offers no clear guidance for selecting and developing basic academic instructional materials related...

The objectives of this research were (1) to find out the gender representation men and women in English curriculum documents; (2) distribution foreign documents. sample consisted three most common books used junior high schools representing grade VII, VIII IX. data on equality analyzed through content analysis approach. results showed that: lexical compared textbook higher than related issues; ...

textbooks play a pivotal role in language learning classrooms. the problem is, among a wide range of textbooks available, which one is more appropriate for a specific classroom and a group of learners. in order to evaluate elt textbooks, theorists and writers have offered different kinds of evaluative frameworks based on a number of principles and criteria. this study evaluates one example of s...

Scholars have critically discussed numerous reports on gender representations in language textbooks, but much less attention has been paid to female characters depicted EFL textbooks used Islamic primary schools. To fill this gap, the current study dissects identities of two English proposed by schools and nationally all private Indonesia under global school association. Quantitative content an...

This article brings attention to a structural dimensions of the schooling context that may affect the incorporation of immigrant youths. Using administrative data about students in California public schools, we found that Spanish-speaking, limited English-proficient (LEP) children have become increasingly more likely to attend schools with low-income, minority, and LEP students than other non-L...

The objective of this paper is to present value-added calculation methods that were applied to determine whether online schools performed at the same or different levels relative to standardized testing. This study includes information on how we approached our value added model development and the results for 32 online public high schools in California. Student level California Standards Test r...

Vocational education (VE) has been a priority for employability globally. There is, however, limited research on what employers want from secondary school VE graduates regarding their communication skills. This study examined business English needs in Greek businesses and the language skills taught vocational schools. We surveyed 136 interviewed 8 to identify required these businesses. The cont...