The effect of artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer (ET) to bull dams (BD), and sexed semen (SS) to cow dams (CD) with and without controlling inbreeding were studied using stochastic simulation. Three levels of embryo transfer (no ET, ET on all BD, and ET on 20% of BD), five levels of sexed semen (no SS: control, SS-X on all CD, SS-X on 20% CD, SS-Y on all CD, and SS-Y on 20% CD), thre...

in this study test-day records of milk (kg), fat (g), and protein (g) yields, somatic cell score (scs, cells/ml) collected by animal breeding center of iran during 2007 and 2009 were used to estimate genetic parameters using random regression model. models with different order of legendre polynomials were compared using bayesian information criterion (bic).for milk, fat yield and scs genetic an...

background: congenital heart disease (chd) is the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. this study was performed to determine the live birth incidence of chd by ethnicity and sex in gorgan, northern iran. methods: in this longitudinal, hospital-based study, 18162 live births in dezyani hospital in gorgan, north of iran, were screened for chd, from 2007 through 2009. clinical examination, ...

background: the main objective of this study was to assess the malnutrition and some socio-economic related factors based on three ethnic groups among primary school children in north of iran in 2010 . methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out through multistage cluster random sampling on 5698 subjects (2505 fars-native, 2154 turkman, and 1039 sistani) in 112 schools. well-trained sta...

interleukin-1β (il-1β), the prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine, is produced by macrophages following exposure to bacterial products. its role is to act upon several cell types at the site of infection to stimulate the production of pro-inflammatory molecules that will cause increase in vascular permeability. therefore, il-1β regulates the initiation and development of acute inflammation tha...