Introduction: Citation is an essential prevalent feature of all academic writings in various fields of knowledge. It is employed by authors and researchers across disciplines for diverse reasons. This study was aimed at comparing types and functions of citations in medical research articles in discussion sections between Iranian medical faculty members and their native counterparts. Method: To...

The domestication and historical development of the donkey are traced through archaeological and linguistic associations. The donkey is indigenous to the African continent and its wild progenitor is usually considered to be the Nubian wild ass. Historically, a chain of races of wild ass spread from the Atlas Mountains to the Red Sea and probably as far south as the border of present-day norther...

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate anticancer activity of cow, goat, sheep, mare, donkey and camel milks and their casein and whey proteins against MCF7 cell line. The structure-based properties of the casein proteins were also investigated, using bioinformatics tools to find explanation for their antitumor activities. The effect of different milks and their casein and whey p...

Most hinnies (female donkey×male horse) and mules (female horse×male donkey) are sterile with few reports of equine fertile hybrids. The main cause of this sterility is thought to be a meiotic block to spermatogenesis and oogenesis. This study compared the developmental features of the testes and a histological analyses of spermatogenesis in a male hinny with those of a normal, fertile stallion...

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in a 15-yearold donkey that presented with signs of chronic laminitis, weight loss and chronic colic. An intra-abdominal mass was identified by exploratory laparoscopy, and this was subsequently confirmed to be a pancreatic adenocarcinoma at post mortem examination. Unlike most previously reported cases of pancreatic disease in equids, this donkey had no ...

In the early 90’s, donkeys were in danger of extinction as species. In Italy, there were counted few heads of many breeds but, unfortunately, others had already been extinct. With the donkey in danger, there was a risk of disappearance of a part of ecosystem, a biodiversity particularly significant as it represents humans’ history. All countries around the Mediterranean sea, countries of southe...

Iranian native hens are a valuable genetic resource, due to their adaptability to harsh conditions of husbandry and environment in rural area. The genetic parameters for various traits of economic importance were studied in an Iranian Native chicken population under short term selection for egg production and body weight for over 2 years. The parameters studied were body weight at day old (BW1)...

A certain prima facie implausible idea about the semantics of donkey pronouns has found a surprising number of adherents (Davies 1981, Lappin 1989, Neale 1990, Lappin and Francez 1994, Yoon 1994, 1996, Krifka 1996a) and even crept into a textbook (Larson and Segal 1995).1 According to this idea, syntactically singular donkey pronouns like it in (1) are semantically numberless, so that (2) provi...