The genus Chaetostoma is a species-rich group of armored catfishes that inhabits rivers and streams in montane forests of South America. Most species of Chaetostoma have been described based on only one or a few specimens from a single river system. Our aim was to determine if the lifting of the Fitzcarrald Arch, 4 Ma, triggered speciation between the disjunct populations of Chaetostoma lineopu...

Soil analyses and measurements with the Portable In Situ Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) were conducted on 16 soil types in an area heavily affected by off-road vehicle (ORV) driving. Measurements were performed in ORV trails as well as on undisturbed terrain to investigate how ORV driving affects the vulnerability of a soil to emit PM10 (particles<10microm), during the driving as well as du...

Well-studied model systems present ideal opportunities to understand the relative roles of contemporary selection versus historical processes in determining population differentiation and speciation. Although guppy populations in Trinidad have been a model for studies of evolutionary ecology and sexual selection for more than 50 years, this work has been conducted with little understanding of t...

BACKGROUND Olive trees (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. europaea) naturally grow in areas spanning the Mediterranean basin and towards the East, including the Middle East. In the Iranian plateau, the presence of olives has been documented since very ancient times, though the early history of the crop in this area is shrouded in uncertainty. METHODS The varieties presently cultivated in Ira...

INTRODUCTION At the modern age, to acquire knowledge and experience, the individuals with their own specific culture have to enter contexts with cultural diversity, adapt to different cultures and have social interactions to be able to have effective inter-cultural relationships.To have such intercultural associations and satisfy individual needs in the society, cultural intelligence and social...

INTRODUCTION Quoting an article in well-known textbooks is held as a credit for that paper. The numbers of Iranian publications mentioned in endodontic textbooks have increased during recent years. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the number of Iranian articles quoted in eminent endodontic textbooks. METHODS AND MATERIALS Three known textbooks (Ingle's Endodontics, Seltzer and Be...

The environmental quality of mangroves is influenced by multiple factors, among which shrimp aquaculture currently plays a major role. This study describes the alterations natural conditions mangrove systems that house farms in northern Ecuadorean coast. Water, sediment and structure benthic assemblages four sectors with different proportions ponds are described. samples were collected at confl...

To study the structure of Iranian chemistry research, we identified 43 Iranian and international chemists who were highly cited in 7,682 Iranian chemistry publications (defined as an article with at least one Iranian author address) indexed in Science Citation Index (SciSearch) between 1990 and 2006, inclusive. We collected cocitation data for these authors from the entire SciSearch file (Dialo...

Negar Taleschian Tabrizi, Barmak Yaaghoubian, Fariba Pashazadeh, Sakineh Hajebrahimi. Students’ Research Committee, Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Iranian Evidence-Based Medicine Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Urology, Iran...