Supporting WDM multicasting in an IP over WDM network poses interesting problems because some WDM switches may be incapable of switching an incoming signal to more than one output interface. An approach to WDM multicasting based on wavelength-routing, which constructs a multicast forest for each multicast session so that multicast-incapable WDM switches do not need to multicast, was proposed an...

Optical networks are capable of switching IP traffic via lambda connections. In this way, big IP flows that overload the regular IP routing level may be moved to the optical level, where they get better Quality of Service (QoS). At the same time, the IP routing level is off-loaded and can serve smaller flows better. Within this context, this paper analyses the eligibility of IP flows to be move...

The iFCP protocol (RFC 4172) provides Fibre Channel fabric functionality on an IP network in which TCP/IP switching and routing elements replace Fibre Channel components. The iFCP protocol is used between iFCP Gateways. This document provides a mechanism to monitor and control iFCP Gateway instances, and their associated sessions, using SNMP.

The main issue in the optical transmission is switching speed. The optical packet switching faces many significant challenges in processing and buffering. The generalized multilevel protocol switching seeks to eliminate the asynchronous transfer mode and synchronous optical network layer, hence the implementation of IP over WDM (wave length division multiplexing). Optical burst switching attemp...

New designs for Hybrid latch flip-flip (HLFF) and implicit-pulsed data-close-to-output (ip-DCO) flipflop circuits are proposed to improve the redundant switching activity, speed and power as these flip-flop circuits are basic building blocks of many timing elements. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of various flip-flop circuits which can reduce the effect of redundant switching...

........................................................................................................................................... 1 IP SECURITY (IPSEC).......................................................................................................................... 1 MULTI-PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING (MPLS) ............................................................................

ATM is becoming a widely used technology as a backbone for connecting data networks. An important consideration when analyzing the performance of data traffic over switched networks such as ATM is the routing scheme utilized. The IP layer traditionally handles all routing processes in TCP/IP networks. For ATM, OPNET contains standard models that map IP packet traffic to ATM virtual circuits. Ho...

Multiprotocol over ATM (MPOA), IP switching and multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) have distinctly different mechanisms for cut-through packet forwarding. MPOA and IP switching use flow-based cut-through (FBC) forwarding while MPLS uses routing table linked cut-through forwarding (TLC). This paper examines the sensitivity of each these cut-through forwarding mechanisms to changes in underlyin...

The architecture of today's long distance transmission networks, which we call the baseline architecture, is a complex and multi-layered hierarchy of Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM) circuits. One premise of the baseline architecture is that restoration from network failures is provided mostly by SONET/SDH rings. This paper presents an alternative architecture that uses ATM and Optical Layer Cr...

The traditional TCP/IP protocol stack is associated with shortcomings related to the context-switching overhead and redundant data copying. The software-based TOE (TCP/ IP Offload Engine), also known as lightweight TCP/IP, was developed to optimize the TCP/IP protocol stack to run on an embedded system. In this paper, we propose the design of a lightweight TCP/IP protocol stack that runs on an ...