Many low oxidation state transition metal (carbonyl) clusters are salts and are highly soluble in ionic liquids. Since many are also effective catalysts/precatalysts for hydrogenation reactions, we have conducted a catalytic study of these compounds in ionic liquids and found that the activity of certain clusters to hydrogenate alkene substrates, when immobilised in ionic liquids, is up to 3.6-...

Surfactant-free emulsion polymerization involving a nonionic, and hence uncharged initiator presents a new approach towards environmentally friendly procedures to synthesize latex particles. Under optimal solvent conditions, notably pH and ionic strength, the latex particles are stabilized by the natural development of ionic charge at the surface of the particles. We emphasize that the present ...

This study focuses on the Baeyer-Villiger reaction of propanone and performic acid, with formic acid as catalyst. Continuum solvation methods (EIF-PCM and CPCM) and two density functionals (B3LYP and MPWB1K) are used to study solvent effects on two types of reaction mechanisms: concerted non-ionic and stepwise ionic. The ionic mechanism is the one found in most organic chemistry textbooks; it b...

The electrophoretic behaviour of some metal ions and anions has been studied on Whatman No. 1 paper strips impregnated with zirconnium(IV) phenylethylamine; acetate buffers of different pH were used as background electrolytes. The effect of the ion-exchange material on the mobility of the ionic species was examined. It was found that impregnation of the paper with zirconium(IV) phenylethylamine...

We have set out an equation for partition of 87 neutral molecules from water to o-nitrophenyl octyl ether, NPOE, an equation for partition of the 87 neutral molecules and 21 ionic species from water to NPOE, and an equation for partition of 87 neutral molecules from the gas phase to NPOE. Comparison with equations for partition into other solvents shows that, as regards partition of neutral (no...

FTIR spectroscopic and electrochemical characterizations of tantalum(V) in 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Pyr14TFMS)-TaCl5 ionic liquids are performed with 5, 15, and 35 mol% TaCl5 as the media for potential electrochemical application. On the basis of FTIR spectra the electrochemical active species are identified as follows: [TaOCl4]−, [TaOCl5]2−, [TaCl5F]−, and [TaCl...

Nanoporous carbon-based supercapacitors store electricity through adsorption of ions from the electrolyte at the surface of the electrodes. Room temperature ionic liquids, which show the largest ion concentrations among organic liquid electrolytes, should in principle yield larger capacitances. Here, we show by using electrochemical measurements that the capacitance is not significantly affecte...

An analytical model for the ionic conductance in a pH-regulated nanochannel gated by a field effect transistor is derived for the first time. In contrast to the existing studies, the developed model takes into account the practical effects of multiple ionic species, surface chemistry reactions, the Stern layer, and electroosmotic flow. The model is validated by the experimental data of ionic co...

A porous metal electrospray emitter has been tested with four different ionic liquids including those comprised with heavy ions. Time of flight experiments were conducted to characterize the emitted species for each liquid and the amount of emitted current as a function of applied voltage. The results indicate that for each ionic liquid, high quality pure ions were emitted containing no observa...

Applications such as gas storage, gas separation, NP synthesis and supported ionic liquid phase catalysis depend upon the interaction of different species with the ionic liquid/gas surface. Consequently, these applications cannot proceed to the full extent of their potential without a profound understanding of the surface structure and properties. As a whole, this perspective contains more ques...