We address the possibility of being able to induce the trafficking of salt ions and other solutes across cell membranes without the use of specific protein-based transporters or pumps. On the basis of realistic atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that transmembrane ionic leakage can be initiated by chemical means, in this instance through addition of dimethyl sulfoxide (...

Diarrhoea is a hallmark of intestinal inflammation. The mechanisms operating in acute inflammation of the intestine are well characterized and are related to regulatory changes induced by inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins, cytokines or reactive oxygen species, along with leakage due to epithelial injury and changes in permeability. In chronic colitis, however, the mechanisms are les...

We studied spontaneous shape transformations and burst of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) vesicles with exogeneously added non-ionic detergent octaethylene-glycol dodecylether C(12)E(8). The addition of C(12)E(8) increased the speed of the vesicle shape transformation, so that we were able to study for the first time the complete sequence of POPC vesicle shapes star...

The dependence on ionic strength of protonation of L-aspartic acid and its complexation withdioxouranium(VI) is reported in sodium perchlorate solution as a background salt. The measurementshave been performed at 25 ± 0.1 °C and various ionic strengths in the range 0.1 to 1.0 mol dm-3, using acombination of potentiometric and spectrophotometric techniques. The overall analysis of the present an...

To overcome the main challenge of low performance waterborne polymer coatings due to particulate nature dispersions and complex film formation process, in this work we implemented strategy ionic complexation between oppositely charged particles. For that aim, doubled monomers ithaconic acid (IA) styrenic 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) were used densely functionalize (meth)acrylic forming...

Nonlinear or asymmetric charge movement was recorded from single ventricular myocytes cultured from 17-d-old embryonic chick hearts using the whole-cell patch clamp method. The myocytes were exposed to the appropriate intracellular and extracellular solutions designed to block Na+, Ca2+, and K+ ionic currents. The linear components of the capacity and leakage currents during test voltage steps ...

a variety of alcohols readily add to 3,4-dihydro-2h-pyran under solvent free conditions in the presence of catalytic amount of acidic ionic liquid [et3n(ch2)4so3h][ots] to afford the corresponding tetrahydropyranyl ethers in good to excellent yields at room temperature. the use of this procedure allows easy separation of the desired products from ionic liquid and recycling the ionic liquid. som...

The development of high safety lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is greatly impeded by the flammability and leakage concerns typical organic solvent-based electrolytes. As one alternative classes electrolytes, hydrogel electrolytes exhibit safety, flexibility, low cost, are benign to environment. However, narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) restricts operating voltage battery cells. Here, ...

Abstract In this study, we fabricated nano-capillary emitter arrays for stable ion emission of ionic liquid electrospray thrusters, employing the fabrication field or gated nano electron sources. A was successfully with a 100–300 nm capillary diameter, which prevented leakage by significantly increasing fluidic impedance compared to previously proposed emitter. An experiment conducted 1-ethyl-3...

the design and application of a fuzzy logic based controller to a leakage current relay waspresented in this paper. a novel approach based on fuzzy logic to form the tripping action of leakagecurrent relay was investigated. in addition to the theoretical aspect of fuzzy logic, detection of a leakagecurrent, measurement of the leakage current, determination of its duration, trip opening of fault...