A quartz crystal microbalance ~QCM! has been used for etching yield measurements in a low energy ion beam system. The goal is to obtain etching yields for ion energies below 150 eV for various ion chemistries and target materials. Typical beam currents are about 0.5 mA, and the mass change per unit time on the QCM is much smaller than that for typical QCM applications. A number of problems with...

Supersonic ion beam formation has been observed in a geometrically expanding low-pressure inductively coupled argon plasma. It is found that the ion beam is only observed below 3 mTorr and only when the discharge is operated in inductive mode. The geometrical expansion of the plasma induces density and potential gradients leading to the ion beam formation. The ion beam energy increases with dec...

The Budker-Chirikov instability (BCI) in a two-beam electron-ion system is researched. The BCI is due to the interaction of the slow cyclotron wave of the electron beam with the fast betatron wave of the ion beam. The electron-ion system consists of a high current relativistic electron beam propagating co-axially with a nonrelativistic ion beam in a drift tube. The external radii of the electro...

Ion beams are novel physical mutagens that have been applied to a wide variety of plant species. Unlike other physical mutagens such as X-rays, c-rays, and electrons, ion beams have high linear energy transfer, leading to high double-strand break yields and the resulting strong mutational effects. Takasaki Ion Accelerators for Advanced Radiation Application (TIARA) in Japan was established as t...

In-beam PET is presently the only possibility of a beamline independent dose delivery monitoring in heavyion therapy. It is clinically implemented at the experimental heavy ion treatment facility at GSI Darmstadt. Since 1997 almost 400 patients have been treated there with C-ions while monitoring of dose application with inbeam PET has been performed. In the future it is expected to extend tumo...

The advancement of transmission electron microscopy has made it possible to analyze the metallographic structure of steel products on a nanoscopic scale, which leads to the detail understanding of microstructures such as fine precipitates and grain boundaries. The application of the characteristic technology to commercial steel products requires consistency in the structural analysis of steel f...

The study of irradiation-induced defects on the nanoscale is crucial for a fundamental understanding of displacement and implantation damage in various microstructures. Ion irradiation performed in situ inside of a TEM is a unique tool allowing direct observation of defect evolution on nanometer length scales in real time [1]. Most facilities use a single ion beam, but in many real radiation en...

The application of laser accelerated ion beams in hadron therapy requires a beam optics with unique features. Due to the spectral and spatial distribution of laser accelerated protons a compact ion optical system with therapy applications, based on Gabor space charge lenses for collecting, focusing and energy filtering the laser produced proton beam, has significant advantages compared with oth...