OBJECTIVE To determine the association between results of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility tests and outcomes in cows that received intramammary treatment with pirlimycin hydrochloride for subclinical mastitis associated with gram-positive pathogens. DESIGN Case-control study. ANIMALS 132 dairy cows (178 mammary glands with subclinical mastitis caused by 194 pathogen isolates). PROCE...

Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from sites of intramammary infection during a 10-month period and from extramammary sites (dairy cow teat skin, teat canals, and skin lesions; milking liners; and hands and nostrils of milking personnel) at two separately managed Finnish dairy herd establishments were analyzed to study the sources and reservoirs of bovine S. aureus intramammary infection...

Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder caused by microbial infection. Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a major concern to the dairy industry due to its resistance to antibiotic treatment and its propensity to recur chronically. Growing concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance have spurred research into alternative treatment methods. The ability of lytic S. aureus bacteriop...

Three lactating Holstein cows (634 to 698 kg) were dosed, respectively, with 65.6 mg (44.5 microCi/mg), 131.2 mg (20.1 microCi/mg), or 8.4 mg (141.3 microCi/mg) of [14C]nitrofurazone by intramammary, intrauterine, or topical ocular administration. Intramammary and intrauterine treatments were single doses; ocular treatment was daily for 4 consecutive d (2.1 mg/d). Cows were slaughtered after 72...

Metastasis to the breast most commonly arises from a contralateral primary breast malignancy; however, metastatic disease can also result from extramammary malignancies by hematogenous or lymphatic dissemination. This case report reviews an unusual presentation of primary ovarian carcinoma with metastasis to an intramammary lymph node.

Coagulase-negative staphylococci are frequently isolated from cases of subclinical bovine mastitis. Reported here is a draft genome sequence of Staphylococcus simulans UMC-CNS-990, an isolate recovered from a chronic intramammary infection of a Holstein cow. Unexpectedly, a cluster of genes encoding gas vesicle proteins was found within the 2,755-kb genome.

The pathogenicity of Streptococcus uberis and S. infrequens for cow udder was compared by experimental intramammary inoculation, mostly during the dry period. There were no significant differences between the two species according to the number and the length of infections at the subsequent lactation (Table 1). No infections could be established in lactation. The pathogenic and taxonomic implic...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effectiveness of dry cow therapy based on antibiotic, internal teat sealant, and α-tocopherol administered separately or in various combinations at drying-off. The study was performed on 322 uninfected quarters of 95 cows originating from three dairy herds. The new intramammary infection rates after calving were measured to evaluate the effec...

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most prevalent species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively, that induce clinical mastitis. The innate immune system comprises the immediate host defense mechanisms to protect against infection and contributes to the initial detection of and proinflammatory response to infectious pathogens. The objective of the presen...

BACKGROUND Treatment of subclinical mastitis during lactation can have both direct (individual animal level) and indirect (population level) effects. With a few exceptions, prior research has focused on evaluating the direct effects of mastitis treatment, and to date no controlled field trials have been conducted to test whether beneficial indirect effects of lactation treatment strategies targ...