Introduction: Similarities in the memory impairment between Alzheimer patients and scopolamine treated animals have been reported. In the present study, the possible role of α-adrenergic receptors of the dorsal hippocampus on scopolamine state-dependent memory in adult male Wistar rats was evaluated. Methods: The animals were bilaterally implanted with chronic cannulae in the CA1 regions o...

These experiments examined the effects of pre-test intra dorsal hippocampus (intra-CA1) administration of GABAA receptor agonist and antagonist, muscimol and bicuculline respectively, on state-dependent learning induced by lithium. Male NMRI mice were trained in a one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task, and immediately after training they received IP injections of either saline (10 mL/kg...

introduction: the nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (lpgi) is involved in the descending pain modulation. the neurostreoid, 17β-estradiol found in the pgi nucleus and modulates nociception by binding to estrogen receptors and also by allosteric interaction with nmda receptors. in this study, the role of nmda receptors in the 17β-estradiol-induced pain modulation was investigated by assess...

We presented a 30 year-old woman presented with symmetrical swelling of the lower limbs since 5 years ago with sparing of the feet. She was highly suspicious of having lipoedema and was referred for lower limb lymphoscintigraphy to rule out possible lymphedema. Lymphoscintigraphy images showed asymmetrical injection sites and unusually high liver and spleen uptake. Inguinal nodes was not visual...

Herein, we report a case of sentinel lymph node mapping in a uterine cervix cancer patient, referring to the nuclear medicine department of our institute. Lymphoscintigraphy images showed inappropriate intra‐cervical injection of radiotracer. Blue dye technique was applied for sentinel lymph node mapping, using intra‐cervical injection of methylene blue. Two blue/cold sentinel lymph nodes, with...

OBJECTIVE One of the critical components in the postoperative care is pain. Given that little research has been done regarding the analgesic effects of intra-articular injection of ketamine, this study was aimed to compare the analgesic effect of intra-articular and extra-articular injection of morphine and ketamine compound in arthrotomy surgery under spinal anesthesia. METHODS A total of 50...

These experiments examined the effects of pre-test intra dorsal hippocampus (intra-CA1) administration of GABAA receptor agonist and antagonist, muscimol and bicuculline respectively, on state-dependent learning induced by lithium. Male NMRI mice were trained in a one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task, and immediately after training they received IP injections of either saline (10 mL/kg...

In the present study, the effects of intra-dorsal hippocampal (intra-CA1) injections of nitric oxide (NO) agents on muscimol state-dependent memory were examined in mice. A single-trial step-down passive avoidance task was used for the assessment of memory retrieval in adult male NMRI mice. Post-training intra-CA1 administration of a GABAA receptor agonist, muscimol (0.05 and 0.1 μg/mouse) dose...

Uveitis is a major cause of vision loss. Methotrexate (MTX) has been widely used in uveitis due to its relatively safe profile. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different dosages of MTX via intra-vitreal administration for treatment of endotoxin induced uveitis (EIU) in an experimental model. Thirty-five healthy rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and all ...