Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 is Effective against both 2 Extraand Intra-Cellular Staphylococcus aureus 3 4 5 Running Title: LL-37 effective against extraand intra-cellular S. aureus 6 7 8 9 Jabeen Noore, Adly Noore, and Bingyun Li 10 11 Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 12 USA 13 Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Mor...

A comprehensive understanding of ROS (reactive oxygen species)-dependent cellular interaction requires the previously unmet ability to simultaneously monitor the intra- and extra-cellular environments. The present review assesses the potential of novel electrochemical and fluorescent-based nanosensor approaches to address the limitations of existing techniques for ROS analysis. Data generated b...

This paper presents a new mathematical model for integrated dynamic cellular manufacturing systems and production planning that minimizes machine purchasing, intra-cell material handling, cell reconfiguration and setup costs. The presented model forms the manufacturing cells and determines the quantity of machine and movements  during each period of time. This problem is NP-hard, so a meta-heur...

The ability to engineer genetic circuits in living cells has tremendous potential many applications, from health, energy, bio-manufacturing. Although substantial efforts have gone into design approaches that make robust variable cellular context, context dependence of remains a significant hurdle. We review intra-cellular resource competition, one culprit dependence, and summarize recent toward...

The resting membrane potential difference (Em) of skeletal muscle was measured in 26 normal human subjects, 7 patients with mild illness, and 21 patients with severe, debilitating medical disorders. A closed transcutaneous approach to the muscle was made by needle puncture and the Em was measured utilizing standard Ling electrodes. Measurements revealed an Em of -88 +/-3.8 mv in healthy subject...

Avian influenza viruses belong to the genus influenza A virus of the family Orthomyxoviridae. The influenza virus consists of eight segmented minus stranded RNA that encode 11 known proteins. Among the 11 viral proteins, NS1 (non-structural protein 1, encoded on segment 8) has been implicated in the regulation of several important intra-cellular functions. In this report, we investigated the fu...

Numerous processes in live cells depend on active, motor-driven transport of cargo and organelles along the filaments of the cytoskeleton. Understanding the resulting dynamics and the underlying biophysical and biochemical processes critically depends on computational models of intra-cellular transport. A number of motorcargo models have hence been developed to reproduce experimentally observed...

Because extrafibrillar water content dictates extrafibrillar osmolarity, we aimed to determine the influence of intra- and extrafibrillar fluid exchange on intradiscal pressures and stresses. As experimental results showed that extrafibrillar osmolarity affects intervertebral disc cell gene expression and crack propagation, quantification of the effects of changes in intra- and extrafibrillar f...