Validation is the process of conducting a validity study on test, gathering evidence to support inferences made based test scores. Using many-facet Rasch analysis this paper validates result consecutive interpreting from four aspects: rating scale, raters, examinees and tasks. The also identifies factors that affect results through bias analysis. show that: (1) analytical scale task design can ...

Abstract This article applies Comparative Interpreting Studies to research on interpreting in religious contexts and the relevance of this literature studies more broadly. is an approach that looks plot commonalities all practice. It argued actual observed interpreter behaviors, rather than assumed professional standards, provide a justifiable unit comparison. The behavior interpreters discusse...

medicine is the science that has great religious value and its importance has been emphasized. the holy quran in many verses has proposed the issue of body and soul sanitary and treatment. some of the quran verses have considered the issue of prevention and treatment of diseases of the human body, and other categories, have discussed the prevention, and treatment of mental illnesses. using vers...

This paper talks about language propensity to transfer information and connect it the act of interpreting, explaining what interpreting is distinguishing between consecutive simultaneous interpreting. It goes on introduce concept collocations by defining classifying them, providing examples for each type so as make distinction clearer. connects proper use better user competence, imperative inte...

This paper focuses on a case of systematic resort to consecutive summary interpretation in French Asylum courtroom proceedings and provides the first analysis this controversial practice. Drawing conversational analysis, it shows that interpreting is framed as separate interaction between interpreter asylum seeker, under eye remote court. The performs (cross-linguistic) “formulations” what prec...