after the cold war, the concept of international security underwent a modification. among the most important components of such a transformation, the consolidation of ‘environmental security’, a topic in international security, can be taken into account. environmental security deal with threats that are not only the unintentional result of social and economic activities but are very slow in...

the united states and russia are two important actors in international system. the geography of their national interests is global and extra-regional; therefore, the quality of their relationship affects the security of international system. it can create security or can cause insecurity in international system. after the disintegration of soviet :union: there has been more interaction between ...

india, the second most populous country in the world enjoying 6% economic growth during the last years of the twentieth century, is considered as a newly emerged power, and is predicted to be the fourth economic power by 2025. development of military might, outstanding software power particularly in space industry and entering nuclear technology arena provide a special position for india in the...

9/11 (september) is one of the influential events in the international politics. in fact this event opens a new chapter of transaction in international relation and has been affected great powers policy and international institution in different aspects. nato as the most important security institution in west also affected by these events. these events have been changed nato strategy in deal wi...

Space travel has grown during the past 2 decades, and is expected to surge in future with establishment of an American Force, businesses specializing commercial space travel, National Aeronautics Administration’s planned sustained presence on moon. Accompanying this rise, treating physicians are bracing for a concomitant increase space-related medical problems, including back pain. Back pain hi...