Intersemiotic translation, which can happen in the process of the translation of drama for theatre, can turn more complicated when the verbal sign system of drama has already undergone interlingual translation. The purpose of this study is to find the intersemiotic changes of translation from page to stage and to show the changes of indexical, iconic, and symbolic signs in the process of inters...

Translators face a number of difficulties while translating. Not only translation of cultural elements is of utmost importance in translation studies, but also it is an arduous task for translators, especially in the case of interlingual translation. One of the biggest concerns of audiovisual translators is culture-specific items amongst which taboo expressions are included. This study aimed at...

The interlingua (IL) in machine translation (MT) systems can be defined in terms of two components: (i) "lexical IL forms" within language-specific lexicons where each lexical entry has associated with it one or more lexical representations, and (ii) algorithms for creating and decomposing the instantiated "pivot" representation. Within this framework, we examine five different approaches to th...

This paper describes a system for generating natural-language sentences from an interlingual representation, Lexical Conceptual Structure (LCS). The system has been developed as part of a Chinese-English Machine Translation system; however, it is designed to be used for many other MT language pairs and Natural Language applications. The contributions of this work include: (1) Development of a l...

In 1629, Descartes proposed a “language of true philosophy” to serve as an interlingua for translating between languages. Over 300 years later, “semantic interlingua” appears on the top of the Vauquois triangle, as the deepest possible analysis guaranteeing the best possible translation. But the main stream of machine translation has considered the interlingua unrealistic and worked on lower le...

As discussed by Dorr and Voss (1993, 1994), machine translation (MT) theory has not addressed the issues urrounding how the interlingua (IL) of a MT system should be defined or evaluated. This has a direct bearing on the decisions developers make with respect o the construction f a lexicon for MT. We view the IL as two distinct components: the declarative portion, which we call the "Lexical Com...

We describe our experience in adapting an existing high-quality, interlingual, unidirectional machine translation system to a new domain and bidirectional translation for a new language pair (English and Italian). We focus on the interlingua design changes which were necessary to achieve high quality output in view of the language mismatches between English and Italian. The representation we pr...

The field of International Business (IB) has traditionally focused on the crossing national boundaries. In this Perspective, we argue that organizational, knowledge domain, and language boundaries are equally important for understanding translation activities in cross-border business. We integrate three kinds (organizational from Organization Studies interlingual Translation Studies) to deepen ...

Wikipedia is a Web based, freely available multilingual encyclopedia, constructed in a collaborative effort by thousands of contributors. Wikipedia articles on the same topic in different languages are connected via interlingual (or translational) links. These links serve as an excellent resource for obtaining lexical translations, or building multilingual dictionaries and semantic networks. As...