Boundary layer height (BLH) is an important parameter in climatology and air pollution research, especially urban city. We calculated the BLH with a bulk Richardson number (Ri) method over cities of China during 1980–2018 using European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-interim data after carefully validation sounding obtained from two meteorology stations eastern 2010–2018....

Abstract Surface incident solar radiation ( R s ) is important for providing essential information on climate change. Existing studies have shown that the values from current reanalyses are significantly overestimated throughout China. The European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) recently released fifth generation of atmospheric reanalysis (i.e., ERA5) with a much higher spatiotem...

Updraft speeds of thermals have always been difficult to measure, despite the significant role they play in transporting pollutants and in cloud formation and precipitation. In this study, updraft speeds in buoyancydriven planetary boundary layers (PBLs) measured by Doppler lidar are found to be correlated with properties of the PBL and surface over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site operated...

one of the most important issues which has long been considered as a shortfall in the civil procedure code (cpc) is the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal to issue interim orders. currently, neither the court nor the arbitral tribunal can freely grant the interim measure so that the tribunals and the court hardly accept the plea for granting the interim measure. the reason lies in the shortf...

Gridded precipitation products are becoming good alternative data sources for regions with limited weather gauging stations. In this study, four climate gridded were utilized, namely Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim/land, the Asian Precipitation-Highly-Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water...

Two-year animal carcinogenicity experiments are used to evaluate the potential carcinogenicity from exposure to chemicals. The choice of exposure levels, the allocation of animals to doses, the length of exposure, and the choice of interim sacrifice times all affect the power of statistical tests for carcinogenic effects and the variance of interpolated estimates of carcinogenic risk. In this p...

The Mediterranean region is characterized by its vulnerability to changes in the water cycle, with the impact of global warming on the water resources being one of the major concerns in social, economical and scientific ambits. Even if precipitation is the best-known term of the Mediterranean water budget, large uncertainties remain due to the lack of suitable offshore observational data. In th...

Abstract. Reanalysis data play a vital role in weather and climate study as well meteorological resource development application. In this work, the East Asia System (EARS) was developed using Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model Gridpoint Statistical Interpolations (GSI) assimilation system. The regional reanalysis system is forced by European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts (ECMWF) globa...

Abstract. We have implemented a new stratospheric ozone model in the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) system and tested its performance different timescales to assess impact of on meteorological fields. used provide prognostic medium-range long-range (seasonal) experiments, showing feasibility this scheme seamless numerical weather prediction (NWP) modelling approach. ...

A series of 40-year significant wave height (SWH) data were extracted from the ERA-Interim set European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Beibu Gulf and its adjacent waters in South China Sea 1979 to 2018. After that, first aggregated annual monthly average data. Through analysis, SWH had grown since 1984, reached a level 1995, maximum 1.068 m 2011. The values between April Sep...