We establish the equivalence between the optimal least-squares state estimator for a linear time-invariant dynamic system with noise corrupted input and output, and an appropriately modified Kalman filter. The approach used is algebraic and the result shows that the noisy input/output filtering problem is not fundamentally different from the classical Kalman filtering problem. The result is ill...

up to three decades ago, economic statistics could systematically meet the statistical needs and economic views quantitative analyses requirements (known as growth – centered views) in the framework of national accounts and input-output tables. however, owing to the insensitivity of these views to simultaneous survey of socio-economic issues, no attention has been paid to systematizing social s...

This paper presents a new framework based on modified EMD method for detection of single and multiple PQ issues. In modified EMD, DWT precedes traditional EMD process. This scheme makes EMD better by eliminating the mode mixing problem. This is a two step algorithm; in the first step, input PQ signal is decomposed in low and high frequency components using DWT. In the second stage, the low freq...

This paper proposes an improved control method based on modified Delta-Sigma Modulator (DSM) to enhance transient response and improve harmonic contents of buck DC-DC converter. The main advantages of the proposed method are improving the output voltage frequency spectrum, correction of the output voltage harmonic contents and sideband harmonics, reduction of switching noise peaks at the output...

The feature map represented by the set of weight vectors of the basic SOM (Self-Organizing Map) provides a good approximation to the input space from which the sample vectors come. But the timedecreasing learning rate and neighborhood function of the basic SOM algorithm reduce its capability to adapt weights for a varied environment. In dealing with non-stationary input distributions and changi...