Basic concepts and philosophy of integrated pest management are presented in order to dispel several misconceptions and to provide the necessary background information for discussion of its relationship to the health-related effects of pesticide use. Implications for human health of current pesticide practices in Central America are examined to illustrate major problems associated with the inju...

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) can be defined as “an ecologically based pest control strategy that relies heavily on natural mortality factors and seeks out control tactics that disrupt these factors as little as possible” (Flint & Bosch, 1981). IPM began to be applied because the extensive use of chemical insecticides show different types of environmental damages, as development of resistant...

The scientific community working in the field of insect pathology is experiencing an increasing academic and industrial interest in the discovery and development of new bioinsecticides as environmentally friendly pest control tools to be integrated, in combination or rotation, with chemicals in pest management programs. In this scientific context, market data report a significant growth of the ...

During long time pest control was associated only to insecticides. The formulations were produced as an attempt of improving the insect control. However, some undesirable effects emerged in this time, mainly the toxin action and resistance. Insecticides are substances produced from chemical or biological products to control insect pests. The most common mode of action for insecticides is to kil...

The manipulation of beneficial organisms remains a very important tool in integrated pest management programs of insect pests worldwide. This chapter describes the approaches to using biological control and a historical perspective of each. Recent developments in genetics, systematics, population dynamics, pesticide chemistry, and public opinion have led to increased scrutiny and inclusion of b...

The cultivation of transgenic pest-resistant cropsmay reduce pesticide application, improve production and increase economic benefit. Breeding and planting transgenic pest-resistant crops is expected to be a promising way to control pests. Pest-resistant transgenic researches in China began in the early 1990s. In 1992, China developed the country’s first Bt protein gene (CryIA gene) with the in...

In order to improve the level of adoption of integrated pest management (IPM), it is important to understand the benefits of integrating IPM practices. Integrated systems are less prone to failure and, when they incorporate natural enemies, they are also more resilient than systems that rely on a single method of pest suppression. The impact of changing IPM practices on the pest population dyna...

Alfalfa, Medicago sativa L., is among the most prized of forages, and is grown worldwide as a feed for all classes of livestock. It is one of man's oldest crops, and its cultivation probably predates recorded history. In addition to its versatility as a feed, alfalfa is well known for its ability to improve soil structure and, as a legume, is an effective source of biological nitrogen. As a per...

Abstract The golden apple snail ( Pomacea canaliculata Lamarck) is one of the main pests rice Oryza sativa Linnaeus) that can be controlled by integrated pest management (IPM). This research aimed to compare population and attack rate snails production using IPM non-IPM. was conducted from April August 2021 in Nagari Koto Tuo Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatera. It used an experimental design comp...