This paper employs a new approach to regulate the blood glucose level of type I diabetic patient under an intensive insulin treatment. The closed-loop control scheme incorporates expert knowledge about treatment by using reinforcement learning theory to maintain the normoglycemic average of 80 mg/dl and the normal condition for free plasma insulin concentration in severe initial state. The insu...

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), more commonly known as insulin pump therapy, was first established in the marketplace in the 1980s and is now one of 3 currently available modalities for the delivery of insulin in managing diabetes.1 Other modalities for insulin delivery include syringe-injected and pen-injected. In the United States in 2007, an estimated 569,000 patients, repre...

Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin, which has traditionally been delivered by vial and syringe. However, for many patients, dosing inaccuracy, pain, anxiety, inconvenience, and social acceptability present barriers to this method of administration (1-5). This has contributed to the increased popularity of alternative insulin delivery systems, including pen delivery devices (4, 6). Evidence...

.........................................................................................................................2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................6 CHAPTER 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF NOVEL MICRONEEDLE ARRAYS FABRICATED FROM HYALURONIC ACID ................................................................