The function of leadership is to create a vision for the future, establish strategic priorities, and develop an environment of trust within and between organizations. Great leadership is a process; leadership involves motivational influence, leadership occurs in groups, and involves a shared vision (Northouse, 2010). Instructional designers are ideal leadership candidates for institutions of hi...

background: respiratory function in patients undergoing open heart surgery is disrupted after surgery.  patient education on managing complications can reduce occurrence or severity of them. a variety of educational tools has been introduced, but there are controversies about the most appropriate tools. aim: determine the effect of instructional videos on respiratory function of the patients af...

OBJECTIVE Gait performance is an indicator of mobility impairment after stroke. This study evaluated changes in balance, lower extremity motor function, and spatiotemporal gait parameters after receiving body weight supported treadmill training (BWSTT) and conventional overground walking training (CT) in patients with subacute stroke using 3D motion analysis. SETTING Inpatient department of r...

The relation between the learning environment (e.g., students’ perceptions of the classroom goal structure and teachers’ instructional discourse) and students’ reported use of avoidance strategies (selfhandicapping, avoidance of help seeking) and preference to avoid novelty in mathematics was examined. Quantitative analyses indicated that students’ reports of avoidance behaviors varied signific...

background: the incomplete maturation of brain in preterm children results in long-term neurodevelopmental impairment. this study aimed to investigate the static balance function in children with a history of preterm birth. methods: participants were 31 preterm children including 21 moderately preterm (mpt), 10 very preterm (vpt), and 20 term children aged 5.5 and 6.5 years. the cervical vestib...

This article presents a systematic review of the literature examining the relationship between self-talk and performance. "Second-generation questions" regarding potential mediators and moderators of the self-talk-performance relationship were also examined. A total of 47 studies were analyzed. Results indicated beneficial effects of positive, instructional, and motivational self-talk for perfo...

In digital repositories around the globe there is an abundance of available resources like learning objects, learning designs, teaching methods, and assessments. Building web-based learning opportunities by exploiting these resources is a complex endeavor with controversial motivational underpinnings. It requires provision of support for accessing, using and packaging the resources with interop...

Background. Previous surveys have shown that motor deficits precede the classical motor symptoms seen in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and that physical exercise may have beneficial effects on PD. Objectives. Here, we evaluated the potential of voluntary exercise to improve motor deficit in experimentally-induced Parkinson’s disease (6-OHDA) rats. Methods. Forty adult Wistar rats were ...