Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1, β2, and β3) are 25 kDa disulfide-linked homodimers that regulate many aspects of cellular functions, consist of proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and extracellular matrix formation. TGFβs mediate their biological activities by binding of growth factor ligand to two related, functionally distinct, single-pass transmembrane receptor kinases, known as...

The effect of theta pulse stimulation (TPS) on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced long-term potentiation of population spikes (PS) was studied in the hippocampal CA1 in vitro. A transient PTZ application produced a long-lasting enhancement of PS amplitude. A 3-min episode of TPS delivered at a higher intensity produced complete reversal of the PTZ potentiation when delivered during the last minute...

The 64-residue protein chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2) is a single module of structure. It folds and unfolds as a single co-operative unit by simple two-state kinetics via a single rate determining transition state. This transition state has been characterized at the level of individual residues by analysis of the rates and equilibria of folding of some 100 mutants strategically distributed at 4...

Calpastatin is an endogenous inhibitor of calpain (calcium-dependent cysteine protease). Calpastatin activityis highly related to the rate of protein turnover and rate of meat tenderization. In order to characterize thestructure of calpastatin in Iranian Afshari breed of sheep, intron 6 and partial exon 7 of the L domain wereamplified and sequenced. A fragment of approximately...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen of ongoing disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Here, by centralizing published cell-based experiments, clinical trials, and virtual drug screening data from NCBI PubMed database, we developed a database SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors for COVID-19, dbSCI, which includes 234 collected publications based on 81 drugs COVID-19 ...