Within the countries of the former Soviet Union, the Kyrgyz Republic has been a pioneer in reforming the system of health care finance. Since the introduction of its compulsory health insurance fund in 1997, the country has gradually moved from subsidizing the supply of services to subsidizing the purchase of services through the 'single payer' of the health insurance fund. In 2002 the governme...

Regulatory transparency is key in improving state capacity and foster economic development. In the case of tax collection activities, the lack of regulatory transparency negatively affects tax revenue mobilization efforts of governments (Besley and Persson 2014). It also dampens private sector development, as it increases the costs for private businesses of complying with tax legislation and de...

Patients 100 patients who were > 65 years of age (mean age 79 y, 53% women), entitled to payments from the Social Insurance Institution for community care because they had dementia, and lived at home with primary support from an informal caregiver (mean age 64 y, 69% women). Exclusion criteria were other severe diseases that might lead to institutionalisation or inability of patients and caregi...

P a t i e n t s 100 patients who were ≥ 65 years of age (mean age 79 y, 53% women), who were entitled to payments from the Social Insurance Institution for community care because they had dementia, and who lived at home with primary support from an informal caregiver. Exclusion criteria were other severe diseases that might lead to institutionalization or inability of caregivers to participate ...